2O2 



TYPES OF ANIMAL LIFE 



of the existing species. But if extinct forms of even 

 toed ungulates are numerous, those of the odd-toed ones 

 show that the existing species (horses, asses, zebras, 

 tapirs, and rhinoceroses) are but a poor surviving remnant 

 of a vast quantity of very different species of the group 

 which lived upon the earth's surface during tertiary 

 times. The existing geographical distribution of the 

 tapirs would by itself indicate that they must once have 

 been much more widely distributed than they now are. 



FIG. 56. 



THE COMMON AFRICAN RHINOCEROS. 



In the present day they are found only in South and 

 Central America on the one hand, and Sumatra and 

 Borneo on the other, and all analogy would indicate that 

 they must once have existed in regions intermediate 

 between the New World and the Indian Archipelago. 

 This their fossil remains abundantly prove to have been 

 the case. In Miocene or Pliocene times they existed not 

 only in both China, South Carolina, and California, but 

 also in France, Germany, and even in England. In the 

 same way rhinoceroses which are now found nowhere 

 but in South and Central Africa, India, and the Indian 



