THE BIRDS. 



213 



and the latter of the flying birds, such as gulls, etc., i.e., 

 the carinate birds. 



The Birds with a Keelless Breastbone. The kiwi-kiwi, 

 the moa, cassowary, and ostrich differ from other birds in 

 the smooth, unkeeled sternum and the short tail ; the wings 

 are rudimentary and the legs strong, these birds (ex- 



FIG. 220. Moa, Palapteryx, with three Kiwi-kiwi birds. 



cept Apteryx) being runners, and either of large or (as in 

 the extinct forms) of colossal size. 



The simplest form is the "kiwi-kiwi," or Apteryx of 

 New Zealand (Fig. 220), of which there are three or four 

 species. It is of the size of a hen, with a long slender beak, 

 the nostrils situated at the end of the upper jaw, while the 

 body is covered with long hairy feathers. The female lays 



