520 



ZOOLOGY. 



22 



o .- . \\ \ \ v \\ >:---\. x \ \ \ 23 



4 - / > m\.\\x\; N ^NU\ \ \ \ \ \ \ ' v x 



46 454443424140393837 36 35 34 33 3231302928 27 26 25 24 



Fig. 452. Topography of a bird. 1. forehead (front); 2, lore; 3, circumorular 

 region ; 4, crown (vertex) ; 5, eye; 6, hind heart (occiput) ; 7, nape (nuclin) ; 8. hind 

 neck (cervix); 9, side of neck ; 10, interacapular region ; 11, dorst/m or back proper, 

 including 10 ; 12, notceum, or upper part of body proper, including 10. 1 1 and 13 ; 

 13, rump (i/ropyr/i/i/n); 14, upper tail coverts; 15, tail; 16, under tail coverts: 17, 

 tarsus ; 18, abdomen ; 19. hind toe (halht.r) ; 20. gaRtrcKiim. including 18 and 24 : 21, 

 outer or fourth toe ; 22. middle or third toe : 23, side of the body : 24, breast (jin-tuxr. 

 25, primaries ; 2K, secondaries ; 27, tertiaries. Nos. 25, 26. 27 are all niii'ni<s; 2S. 

 primary coverts ; 29. alula, or bastard wing ; :50. greater coverts ; 31, median coverts ; 

 32, lesser coverts : 33. the "throat," inclu'l!n<r 34, 37 and 38; 34, jiigi/liim, or lo\vr 

 throat; 35, auriculars ; 3li, malar region; 37, gttta or middle throat; 38, menhini or 

 chin ; 3!), angle of commissure, or corner "of month ; 40, ramus of under man- 

 dible ; 41, side of tinder mandible ; 42, gonys ; 43, apex, or tip of bill ; 44, tomtit, or 

 cutting edges (if the bill ; 45, C'llmen, or ridee of upper mandible, corresponding to 

 gonys ; 46, side of upper mandible ; 47, nostril ; 48, passes urross the bill a little in 

 front of its face. From Onus's Key. 



