458 ZOOLOGY SECT. 



manus terminating in a claw. The tail, when present, is not 

 enclosed in the interfemoral membrane, but lies below it. The 

 crowns of the molar teeth are devoid of sharp cusps. 



This sub-order comprises the so-called Flying Foxes (Pteropus) 

 of tropical and sub-tropical parts of the Eastern Hemisphere. 



Suit-order b. Microchiroptera. 



Small, mostly insectivorous, Chiroptera, with short snout, 

 frequently with foliaceous appendages of the nose and ears, the 

 second digit of the manus never provided with a claw. The tail 

 when present is enclosed in the inter-femoral membrane. The 

 crowns of the molar teeth are provided with sharp cusps. 



This sub-order includes all the ordinary Bats (Vespertilio and 

 other genera). 



ORDER 8. PRIMATES. 



Eutheria nearly all adapted to an arboreal life, the limbs being 

 prehensile owing to the pollex and hallux being more or less com- 

 pletely opposable to the other digits. There are nearly always 

 five digits, provided with flat nails in both manus and pes. The 

 orbit is surrounded by a complete bony rim. The clavicles are 

 in all cases well developed. There is no foramen above the inner 

 condyle of the humerus, and the femur never has a third trochanter. 

 The stomach is generally simple. The testes descend into a 

 scrotum. There are nearly always two teats on the thoracic region. 

 The placenta may be non-deciduate, or deciduate and meta- 

 discoidal. 



Sub-order a. Prosimii. 



Ape-like, mostly nocturnal, arboreal Primates of comparatively 

 low organisation. All the digits of both feet are provided with 

 flat nails, except the second of the hind-foot, which has a claw. 

 Both the pollex and hallux are always well developed. The 

 posterior bony rim of the orbit is a narrow bar beneath which 

 there is a free communication between the orbit and the temporal 

 fossa. The lacrymal foramen is situated outside the margin of the 

 orbit. In nearly all cases the inner pairs of incisors of the upper 

 jaw are separated by a median space. The cerebral hemispheres 

 are not very highly developed, and do not completely overlap 

 the cerebellum. There may be a pair of teats on the abdomen. 

 The uterus is two-horned and the placenta diffuse. 



This sub-order comprises the Lemurs (Lemur, Tarsius and 

 other genera) and Aye- Ayes (CMromys). 



Sub-order ?>. Anthropoidea. 



Most highly organised Primates, chiefly modified for an arboreal 

 life. The digits are all provided with flat nails, except in the 



