90 FOLTZOA. 



MENIPEA. 



Cells oblong or elongated, attenuated downwards ; irnperforate 

 behind, sometimes with a sessile avicularium on the upper and outer 

 angle ; one or two sessile avicularia on the front of the cell below the 

 aperture. 



Arctic seas. South America. South Africa. Britain. 



* 11. M. Cirrata, Gray, Dieff. N.Z., ii., p. 292. Cells pyriform, 

 constricted below, six in each internode, one of the lower usually 

 more or less aborted ; usually one large lateral avicularium to each 

 internode ; three marginal spines very long and strong ; anterior 

 avicularium single, its upper border toothed. 



New Zealand (Dr. Sinclair). South Africa. 



SCRUPOCELLARIA. 



Cells rhomboidal, with a sinus on the outer and hinder aspect ; each 

 furnished with a sessile avicularium at the upper and outer angle, and 

 with a vibraculum placed in the sinus on the outer and lower part 

 behind ; aperture oval or sub-rotund, spinous above, with or without 

 a pedunculate operculuin ; cells bi-serial and numerous at each in- 

 ternode. 



Europe. Australia. 



12. S. SCmpOSa, Linnaeus. Cells sub-elongate, narrow ; aper- 

 ture elliptical, with three or four spines above ; ovicell smooth. 



Lyall's Bay. Europe. 



EMMA. 



Cells in pairs or triplets ; opening more or less oblique, sub- 

 triangular, partially filled up by a granulated calcareous expansion ; a 

 sessile avicularium generally on the outer side below the level of the 

 opening. 



Bass's Straits. 



13. E. crystallina, Gray, Dieff. N.Z., ii. 3 p. 293. Cells in 

 pairs ; one, two, or three spines on the outer edge, the central usually 

 the longest and strongest. 



Bass's Straits, 45 fathoms. 



Parasitic upon Polyzoa, &c. ; circinate, branched ; branches irregular, 

 divaricate ; the opening of the cell triangular, very obliquely placed. 

 Lyall's Bay. 



* 14. E. tricellata, Busk, I.e., p. 28. Cells in triplets ; three or 

 four long spines on the upper and outer part, a small spine on the 

 inner and lower part of the margin of the aperture. 



New Zealand (Hooker). Bass's Straits. 



Parasitic upon Catenicella, &c. Habit long, straggling. 



FAMILY SALICOENAEIID^:. 



Polyzoarium divided into internodes by flexible joints ; internodes 

 formed by cells disposed around an imaginary axis, forming cylindrical 

 branches of a dichotomously divided erect polyzoariuin. 



