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NATURAL HISTORY. 



RANGIFER. 



Tarandus, the Reindeer. 



The REINDEER, is found throughout the Arctic regions of 

 Europe, Asia, and America. The finest animals are those of 

 Lapland and Spitzbergen. The Laplander finds his chief 

 wealth in the possession of the Reindeer, which not only 

 serves him as a beast of burden, but. furnishes him also with 

 food and clothing. A Laplander in good circumstances pos- 

 sesses about three or four hundred deer, which enable him to 

 live iii comfort. The subsistence of one who only possesses 

 one hundred is very precarious, and he who has only fifty, 

 usually joins his animals with the herd of some richer man, 

 and takes the menial labours upon himself. 



The gadfly (CEstrus Tarandi) annoys the Reindeer so much, 

 that the Laplander is forced to make periodical migrations 

 to the mountains in order to escape the dreaded gadfly, and 

 the equally dreaded mosquitoes, which are more ferocious in 

 the cold climates than in the Tropics. The reindeer feeds 



