THE BUTTERFLY AND ITS ALLIES 



29 



The Pyralidae : include among other pests the bee-moth. 

 The larva of this species feeds upon the wax of the hive 

 and constructs silken galleries in the comb. 



The Tortricidae 2 contain numerous small, inconspicuous 

 moths, whose larvre are, however, very destructive. The 

 codling-moth is a pest of the fruit-grower, for the larva 

 bores into apples and pears, causing them to fall prema- 

 turely. Many species are called leaf-rollers, from the fact 

 that the larva causes the leaf on which it feeds to curl. 



FIG. .'X). Case-bearing insects on a twig. Phot:), from life by V. H. L. 



The Tineidae 3 contain the smallest of the Lepidoptera. 

 Their wings frequently bear long fringes. The larvas are 

 so small that they often live in the interior of leaves, and 

 form winding or blotch-like "mines" in them. The larvae 

 of some species make a case out of pieces of leaves united 

 by silk, and carry this about with them. They are known 

 as " Case-bearers " (Fig. 30). Here also belong the clothes- 



1 From Trvp, fire ; because the ancients believed these insects to arise 

 from and live in fire. 



2 tortor, tortrir, winder, from tonjueo, to roll or wind ; with reference 

 to the habit of twisting up leaves. 



3 tinea, moth. 



