GENERAL IMPRESSIONS OF BRAZIL. 505 
infinite variety of gums, resins, barks, and textile fibres still 
unknown to commerce in Europe and the United States. 
To these Brazil might add spices, the monopoly of which 
belongs now to the Sunda Islands. The second reo-ion, 
extending from Bahia to Santa Catarina, is that of 
coffee. The third, from Santa Catarina to Rio Grande, 
and in the interior of the high plateaux, is that of the 
grains ; and, in connection with their culture, the raising 
of cattle. Rice, which is easily grown throughout Brazil, 
and cotton, which yields magnificent crops in all the 
provinces, bind together these three zones, sugar and to- 
bacco following in their train. An important step with 
reference to agriculture, which has scarcely been thought 
of as yet, is the cultivation of the heights of the Organ 
Mountains, as well as those of the Serra do Mar and the 
Serra do Mantiqueira. On these high lands might be 
raised all the products characteristic of the warmer por- 
tions of the temperate zones, and Rio de Janeiro would 
receive daily from the mountains in her immediate neigh- 
borhood all those vegetables and garden fruits which she 
now procures in small quantities and at high prices from 
the provinces bordering on the La Plata. The slopes of 
these Serras might also be covered with plantations of cas- 
carilla, and, as the production of quinine must sooner or 
later be greatly diminished by the devastation of the Cin- 
chona-trees on the upper Amazonian tributaries, it is the 
more important that their culture should be introduced 
upon the largest scale on the heights above Rio. The 
attempts of Mr. Glaziou in that direction deserve every 
encouragement. 
The sugar-cane has long been the chief object of cul- 
tivation in Brazil, and the production of sugar is still 
22 
