76 ANNALS OF SCOTTISH NATURAL HISTORY 



Such papers as those " On the Characters of the Flowers 

 of Silene maritima and S. inflata," " Winter Fertilisation by 

 Agency of Insects," " The Influence of Insect Agency on the 

 Distribution of Plants," " The Flora of River Shingles," " On 

 the Origin of the Perthshire Flora," and " Local Names and 

 Uses of Perthshire Plants," illustrate the width of his interest 

 in Botany. This is shown still further by short notes on the 

 structure of various monstrous forms, on white- flowered 

 varieties, etc. 



In Zoology, as in Botany, all that could advance our 

 knowledge of the Natural History of Scotland was welcomed 

 by him ; and his papers show the width and accuracy of 

 his information, though chiefly devoted to Entomology. As 

 with many other students of nature, the Lepidoptera first 

 attracted him ; and throughout his life they never lost their 

 interest for him, though displaced to some extent in later 

 years by other studies. In the subjoined list will be found 

 evidence of the success with which he pursued this branch of 

 Entomology, alike in the discovery of additions to the species 

 known to occur in Scotland, and in the investigation of the 

 origin of the Scottish Lepidoptera and of their life-histories. 

 " Insecta Scotica, Lepidoptera," compiled by him to show 

 the distribution of the Lepidoptera in the river-basins of Scot- 

 land, is a most valuable record. It extends to almost 150 

 pages of the " Scottish Naturalist," in which it appeared dur- 

 ing the years 1872-79. "Fauna Perthensis, Lepidoptera" 

 is a similarly accurate list for Perthshire ; and such papers as 

 those on " The Mountain Lepidoptera of Britain," " Some 

 Thoughts on the Distribution of the British Butterflies," 

 " Variation in British Lepidoptera," " Melanochroism and 

 Leucochroism," and most of the shorter ones dealing with 

 the insects of the South-West of Scotland, Strathglass, Ran- 

 noch, etc., will be found well worth perusal. Nor did he 

 neglect structural investigations, as evinced by important 

 papers on the terminal abdominal segments in the males of 

 European Rhopalocera, of French Zygaenidae, and of Eupi- 

 thecia. Articles from his pen deal also with the distribution 

 and habits of Scottish Insects of other groups, such as 

 Beetles, Flies, and Hemiptera. 



After a time ' he turned his attention more especially 



