22 D. B. CASTEEL AND E. F. PHILLIPS. 



being absent normally in the bee, and also for all other cases of 

 abnormalities in the venation. In none of the wings observed 

 were S<~, R 2 or Cn. 2 present. The other abnormalities will be 



discussed later. 



THE CHOICE OF MATERIAL. 



The individuals used were not all taken from the same hive, 

 since observations show that all colonies do not vary to the same 

 extent, at least in coloration. For this reason it appeared best 

 to use individuals from different hives and different strains in 

 order to get a more correct idea of the natural variations. In all 

 cases individuals were selected at random. The material used 



was as follows : 



DRONES. 



I. Fifty individuals from Medina, Ohio, May 16, 1903. 

 Hybrids, Italian and black. 



II. One hundred individuals from Medina, Ohio, May 23, 

 1903. Italians (?) from a peculiar strain bred by F. A. Hooper, 

 Jamaica, very light in color. 



III. One hundred individuals from same hive as I. May 25, 

 1903. 



IV. One hundred individuals from Medina, Ohio. 



V. Fifty individuals from Medina, Ohio, May 9, 1903. 

 Italians. 



VI. One hundred individuals from Swarthmore, Pa., August 

 20, 1903. Italians from a peculiar strain bred by E. L. Pratt, 

 the queen having an entirely yellow abdomen. 



WORKERS. 



I. Fifty individuals from same hive as Drones V., May 9, 1903. 



II. Three hundred and fifty individuals from Philadelphia, Pa., 

 August 10, 1903. Italians. 



III. One hundred individuals from Philadelphia, Pa., May 15, 

 1902. Hybrids, Italian and black. 



LENGTH OF VEIN R. 



The measurement of the length of this vein was found to be 

 somewhat difficult owing to the hairs covering the angles and to 

 the difficulty of getting the exact middle of the curve at the place 

 where R { and ^separate. However, with considerable care and 



