44 INTELLIGENCE AND INSTINCT. 



pie. The organs of sense are the instruments for perceiving 

 sensations, but they are not the faculty itself, and indeed 

 without it they would be useless. We all know that the eye 

 and ear may be open to the sights and sounds about us, but 

 if the mind happens to be preoccupied, we perceive them 

 not. We may even be searching for something which actu- 

 ally lies within the compass of our vision ; the light enters 

 the eye as usual, and the image is formed on the retina ; 

 but, to use a common expression, we look without seeing, 

 unless the mind that perceives is directed to the object. 



131. In addition to the faculty of perceiving sensations, 

 the higher animals have also the faculty of recalling 

 past impressions, or the power of memory. Many animals 

 retain a recollection of pleasure or pain that they have 

 experienced, and seek or avoid the objects which these sen- 

 sations may have produced ; and in doing so, they give 

 proof of judgment. 



132. Finally, we notice in some animals acts which 

 prove that they have the faculty of comparing their sensations 

 and their judgments ; in other words, that they carry on a 

 process of reasoning. 



133. These different faculties, taken together, constitute 

 intelligence. In man, this superior principle, which is an 

 emanation of the divine nature, manifests itself in all its 

 splendor. God " breathed into him the breath of life, and 

 man became a living soul." It is his prerogative, and his 

 alone, to be enabled to guide his conduct by the deductions 

 of reason ; he has not only the faculty of exercising his 

 judgment upon the objects which surround him, and of ap- 

 prehending the many relations which exist between himself 

 and the external world ; he may also apply his reason to 

 immaterial things, observe the operations of his own intel- 

 lect, and, by the analysis of his faculties, may arrive at the 

 consciousness of his own nature, and even conceive of 

 that Infinite Spirit, " whom none by searching can find out." 



