SCROTAL REPLACEMENT OF CRYPTORCHID TESTES. 119 



of an animal seventeen days after birth; in other words the 

 testis has shown practically no change from its condition at the 

 time of elevation to the abdomen; it is prespermatic and has 

 never produced a differentiated germinal epithelium (compare 

 with Fig. i) nor would it ever build such an epithelium were it 

 allowed to remain in the abdomen. Returned to the scrotum, 

 however, such a testis becomes active, builds a normal germinal 

 epithelium, and produces motile spermatozoa. 



In the nine animals (Table I.) in which the abdominally 

 confined testis was replaced in the scrotum all but one (No. 6) 

 subsequently produced spermatozoa. In two of the animals the 

 testis was recovered after a period of but ninety days subsequent 

 to replacement in the scrotum; two cases remained for 4^ 

 months, one for 5 months, one for six, and two for ten months. 

 Development under the scrotal influences has, therefore, produced 

 a testis differentiating spermatozoa within ninety days after its 

 return from the abdomen. 



The success in development varies with the success in scrotal 

 replacement. In every replaced testis adhesions of variable 

 extent had formed. This not only serves to modify even normal 

 testis activity, but it has resulted in a variety of scrotal relation- 

 ships. Some of the testes were firmly bound down to the bottom, 

 or against the side of the scrotal pouch, and surrounded by the 

 fat body normally attached to the anterior end of the testis; 

 some were held firmly in the upper portion of the scrotum or 

 in the inguinal canal; other testes were found to have been 

 held firmly against the upper entrance to the scrotal pouch in a 

 position more abdominal than scrotal, but in all at least one 

 side of the testis projected sufficiently low to be palpable in the 

 upper scrotum. Roughly paralleling the success of replacement 

 in the scrotum is the success of the testis in developing normal 

 spermatogenesis. 



Let us take for detail consideration, animal No. 7 (Table I.). 

 The right testis was removed from the scrotum into the abdomen 

 on the 3Oth day after birth and allowed to remain high up in 

 the abdomen for 4} months; the left testis was undisturbed. 

 Since the operation periods were the same for this animal as that 

 from which Fig. 2 was made, we can appreciate its structural 



