No. 2.] HABITS OF r OX ERA AND STIG MA TOM. MA. 69 



4. The architecture of the Ponerinae is of a primitive char- 

 acter, consisting of a few irregular and unfinished galleries and 

 chambers. The latter are not even formed by all the species. 



5. The queen and worker differ but little in size and 

 structure. 



6. Ergatoid females, or forms intermediate between the 

 queens and workers, are of normal and comparatively frequent 

 occurrence in some species. 



7. The habits of the queen and worker are very similar. 

 The female is not an individual on whom special attention is 

 bestowed by the workers. 



8. The workers show no tendency to differentiate into major 

 and minor castes. 



9. The Ponerinae are carnivorous and live by hunting (in 

 contrast with the various harvesting, fungus-growing, honey- 

 collecting, and aphidicolous members of the more specialized 

 subfamilies). 



10. They do not feed one another by regurgitation. 



11. The larvae are not fed by regurgitation, but are given 

 pieces of insects from which they suck the juices. 



12. The cocoon is retained as a pupal envelope throughout 

 the group. (The Ecitonii among the Dorylinae have lost this 

 envelope, although the Dorylii still retain it ; it is lost in the 

 Myrmicinae, and is apparently in the process of disappearing 

 among the Formicinae.) 



13. In at least one genus (Stigmatotnma) the callows are 

 able to escape from their cocoons without the assistance of the 

 workers. 



14. The callows of the Ponerinae are more mature on 

 leaving the cocoon than the newly hatched Formicinae. 



COLEBROOK, CONN., Sept. 5, 1900. 



