30 SJOSTEDTS KILIMANUJARO-MERU EXPEDITION. 2. 



lacrymal bones, not at the rudimentary postorbital processes. The nasal opening is 

 much narrower than in H. galeata and the percentage expressing the relation between 

 the breadth of the nasals at both ends of the naso-premaxillary suture is 57, thus similar 

 to that of H. africce-australis. Foramen magnum has almost the same shape as in the 

 last mentioned species. 



The nasals are certainly very large (longer than their distance from the occipital 

 crest) but hardly in the same degree as in H. galeata which is elucidated by the fact that 

 the distance from the nasofrontal suture to the occipital crest in the adult of that species 

 corresponds to only 70 % of the distance from the same suture to the anterior end of the 

 nasals, but in the present specimen the same percentage is nearly 80. The nasals reach 

 accordingly not so far back in the present specimen as in the typical H. galeata although 

 it is very old. If the length of the frontals is compared with the length of the nasals 

 the former is not by far contained twice in the latter in H. africce-raustralis, but in H. ga- 

 li <itd about 2 2 /s times and in the present specimen this relation appears to be approxi- 

 mately the same. In H. galeata and the present specimen the frontal region of the skull 

 measures in the mesial line about as much as the distance from x/tt/tra coronalis to the 

 occipital crest, while in H. africce-australis the former is much the longer. The nasal 

 process of the premaxillary of the present specimen is very broad as in H. galeata or even 

 broader, thus much different from H. africcR-australis. Likewise the lacrymale is small 

 as in H. galeata. The distance from the lower end of lacrymale to the zygomatic suture 

 is in the latter about 12 J /2 mm. in the present specimen 13 mm. but in a specimen of H. 

 africee-australis only 5 mm. 



On the other hand this specimen has, in spite of its great age, no cm/a sagittalis as 

 H. galeata, but the areas for the insertion of muscles on the sides of the skull leave a GVa 

 mm. broad flat area in the middle of the parietal surface in front of the occipital crest. 

 This reminds more about the condition found in H. africce-australis. 



The zygomatic process of the maxillary is also very different from that of H. galeata. 

 In the latter its greatest breadth in front of the orbit is about 11 mm., in a South African 

 specimen of H. africce-australis it measures 17V-> mm., and in the present specimen its 

 width is similar or even a little more. In H. galeata the zygomatic process from saua- 

 mosum is almost horizontal, but in//, africce-au-st/ralis it slopes rather strongly downwards 

 the latter is also the case with the present specimen. 



There may be quoted still more cranial characteristics proving that the present 

 specimen in some cases agrees more with //. galeata in others with H. africce-australis and 

 in still others is intermediate or differs from both. These aberrations from both species 

 quoted are far too great to be interpreted as individual variations, and it does not seem 

 probable that the specimen in question is a hybrid. I think it is most reasonable to assume 

 that it is the representative of an intermediate geographic race which I propose to 

 call Hystrix galeata ambigua. H. galeata was described from British East Africa, Lamu, 

 thus from the country to the north-east of Kilimandjaro but later also found in Uganda 

 (Proc. Zool. Soc. 1901 p. 87). It has been made probable above (see for instance about 

 the Spotted Hyaenas) that a northern and a southern fauna meet at Kibonoto. H. g. 

 ambigua may then reps '-sent a more southern or perhaps rather south-western race 



