LONNBERG, MAMMALS. 55 



orbital portion. A typical skull of an old boar which has been brought home by 

 SPARRMAN measures from the tip of the nasals to the sagittal crest 366 mm., but 

 the breadth between the middle of the orbits is 134 mm. The latter measurement 

 is thus contained about 2,7 times in the former. The postorbital portion of the skull 

 is only 38 mm. ' and the width of the flat postorbital area is about 49 mm. The 

 postorbital length of the skull is thus only about 10 /o of the total length. 



The nasals are anteriorly rather evenly convex, but form in their posterior 

 portion behind foramina infraorbilalia a rooflike ridge or elevation. 



The palatal opening or the choanse are much broader than in related forms so 

 that their width in the middle (midway between hamuli pteryg. and bullce) is 40 mm. 

 The osseous septum is also much better developed and divides two very deep but 

 fully open posterior pockets. 



The lower jaw is very broad anteriorly, and several other minor characteristics 

 could be enumerated but those mentioned may suffice to prove that Ph. cethiopiaiN 

 really must be maintained as a species. 



This species appears to be exterminated in the Cape Colony south of the 

 Orange River according to W. L. SCLATER (1. c. p. 280) but the same author says 

 that a skull of a Warthog from Damaraland has no incisors, and therefore Ph. 

 ifiJiiopicus may survive there, or perhaps is the Damara Warthog a separate sub- 

 species of and closely related to Ph. cethipicus. 



The Warthog of Natal I propose to distinguish with the name sundevallii as 

 C. J. SUNDEVALL was the first to point out its distinctness from Ph. cethiopicus. The 

 Warthog from German East Africa I propose to name at least provisionally Ph. 

 massaicus. Both these races are provided with two upper and six, or at least four 

 lower incisors. By this and by their longer skulls, with longer postorbital portion, 

 differently shaped nasals and choanse they are easily distinguished from Ph. cethiopicvs. 



The skulls of the boars of sundevallii and massaicus are also easy to distinguish 

 from each other at least as far as my material goes. Ph. massaicus has a much (as 

 well absolutely as comparatively) broader forehead so that the interorbital width is 

 contained only about 2 l! * times in the length of the skull (from tip of nasals to 

 sagittal cest) while the former measurement is contained full} 7 3 times in the latter 

 in Ph. sundevallii. The postorbital portion of the skull is comparatively shorter and 

 narrower in Ph. sundevallii so that its length represents about 13 /o of the total 

 cranial length measured as above, while the same relation is about 14,4 / in Ph. 

 massaicus. In the latter the flat postorbital area is fully as broad as long but in 

 Ph. sundevallii the width is about 4 /r, af the length. 



The nasals of Ph. sundevallii are anteriorly somewhat convex in the middle, 

 and slightly concave on the sides, but in their posterior portion, behind foramen 

 infraorbitale, they ai'e quite flat or somewhat concave, only with a slightly raised 



' Measured in the median line to the sagittal crest vertically to a plan trough the posterior surface of 

 the urliital wall. 



