314 BRITISH ENTOMOSTRACA. 



dations by which we are carried from that genus to the 

 Caligus itself, thence to Argulus, and through it to the 

 Apus and other Branchiopods. He still retained them, 

 however, amongst the Epizoa; and Desmarest, in his ' Cons, 

 gen. sur la Classe des Crust.,' 1825, appears to have 

 been the first to distinctly refer them, as a group, to the 

 class Crustacea.* 



In 1826, MM. Audouin and Milne Edwards discovered 

 a parasite upon the Astacus, or lobster, the Nicothoe 5 f 

 and in the course of their observations upon the history 

 of this curious Siphonostome they came to the conclusion, 

 reasoning from analogy, that the Lerneae were real 

 Crustacea, that " became monstrous after they had fixed 

 themselves" upon the animal which was to serve them 

 with nourishment. 



Kroyer informs us that several German zoologists, as 

 Nitsch, Leuckart, and Schwegger, had advanced similar 

 opinions, though, it would appear from his references 

 to their observations, upon very insufficient grounds. 

 Zoologists, however, were gradually coming to the con- 

 clusion that these fantastically-formed creatures were in 

 reality cmstaceous. But it is to Alexander von Nordmann, 

 an eminent Prussian naturalist, that we are indebted for 

 a complete and satisfactory solution of our doubts upon 

 the subject. In his work, ' Mikrographische Beitrage 

 zurNaturgeschichte derWirbellosen Thiere,' Berlin 1832, 

 he has confirmed the observations of Surriray upon the 

 young when first hatched from the ova, shown the dis- 

 similarity which exists between the male and female, and 

 thrown much light upon the anatomy of this interesting 

 group of animals, especially with regard to the structure 

 of their mouth and feet. Since the publication of his 

 excellent work, his observations have received still further 

 confirmation, additions and corrections, by three zoologists 

 of considerable reputation, the well-known entomologist 



'* Cons. gen. sur la Classe ties Crust: ;X.TS. p. 31o, note. 

 f See above, p. 300. 



