136 



FRANCIS MARSH BALDWIN. 



as typical the data of the 0.07 vol. per cent, solution, an interest- 

 ing curve is obtained (Fig. 2) which is fairly comparable with 

 the one shown for i-amyl alcohol. There is a gradual rise in 

 resistance up to the period of first cleavage, with a sharp drop 

 during cell-division followed by a slow recoverry. 



OCTYL ALCOHOL. 



Normal octyl alcohol is apparently considerably more toxic 

 than its isomere capryl alcohol. In a series of five experiments 

 with octyl alcohol in concentrations ranging from o.oio to 0.030 

 vol. per cent., the best concentration for five minute times of 

 exposure was found to be in the neighborhood of 0.015 VOL P er 

 cent. On the other hand the outcome of fourteen experiments 

 with capryl alcohol showed the optimum concentration for the 

 same time of exposure to be between 0.035 an d 0.045 v l- P er 

 cent., which is between two and three times the favorable con- 

 centration of normal octyl alcohol. Table IV. summaries a 



TABLE IV. 



NORMAL OCTYL ALCOHOL. 



Fertilized eggs were subjected for five minutes to 0.013 vol. per cent, of normal 

 octyl alcohol at intervals of ten minutes. 



Intervals After 

 Fertilization. 



Observed Condition on Removal from 

 Fluid. 



Observed Condition the Following 

 Day. 



(1) 15-20 m. 



(2) 25-30 m. 



(3) 35-40 m. 



(4) 45-50 m. 



(5) 55-60 m. 



(6) 65-70 m. 



(7) 75-8o m. 



(8) 85-90 m. 



Fertilization membrane well 

 formed. Slight loss of pigment. 



No noticeable cytolysis although 



very marked loss of pigment. 

 Decided loss of pigment. No 



marked change in membrane 



or cytoplasm. 

 About 2 per cent, show first 



furrow. Slight loss pigment. 



No cytolysis. 



Over half in first cleavage. 

 About 90 per cent, in two-celled 



stage. 



Aside from loss of pigment no 

 noticeable change. 



A few (i per cent.) just begin to 

 show second cleavage furrow 

 No marked change in appear- 

 ance. 



Nearly 50 per cent, active blas- 



tulse. Others badly cytolyzed, 



few ruptured. 

 About 65 per cent, active blas- 



tulse. Others cytolyzed. 

 Nearly 80 per cent, active. 



Others intact. 



Practically all active blastulae. 



About 85 per cent, active. 



Almost 60 per cent, active blas- 

 tulte, numbers of two-celled egg 

 present and mostly intact. 

 Some badly cytolyzed and 

 ruptured. 



Between 65 and 70 per cent, 

 active blastulae. Most others 

 cytolyzed but intact. 



Between 85 and 90 per cent, 

 active blastulse. Others cy- 

 tolyzed but intact. 



