64 BRITISH TUNICATA. 



Family 1. ASCIDIAD.E. 



A a I ut id simple, fixed, sac-shaped, coriaceous or 

 gelatinous. Test adhering to the mantle at the two 

 orifices only, except at the point where the blood- 

 vessels pass through. Branchial aperture eiglit-lobed, 

 anal aperture six-lobed, with ocelli between each lobe. 

 TriitariiJar filaments simple, linear. Bram-lilal 

 without folds. 



Genus 1. ASCIDIA Linnaeus, 1767. 



Ascidia (pars) LINNAEUS Syst. Nat. ed. 12, 1 [2, 1767], p. 1087; 

 MULLER Zool. Dan. Prod. (1776), p. 225, and Zool. Danica 

 (pawhii) [1788-181Q] ; FABRICIUS Fauna Groeiil. (1780), 

 p. 330 ; [BRUGUIERE Hist. Nat, Vers, I (1789), in Encycl. 

 Meth. p. 141] ; Bosc Hist. Nat. Vers, I (1802), p. 98; 

 LAMARCK Hist. Nat. Anim. sans. Vert., ed. 1, III (1816), 

 p. 115, and ed. 2, III [1840], p. 524; CUVIEE Regne 

 Animal, II (1817), p. 497; BLAINVILLE Man. Malac. et 

 Conch. [1825] , p. 583; [STARK Elem. Nat, Hist. II (1828), 

 p. 117;] FORBES and HANLEY Hist, Brit. Moll. I [1848], 

 p. 30 ; ALDER and HANCOCK Cat. Moll. Northmnb. and 

 Durh. in Trans. Tyneside N.F. Club, I [1848], p. 199; 

 GOSSE Man. Marine Zool. II [1856], p. 35; [THOMPSON 

 Nat, Hist. Ireland, IV (1856), p. 359]. 



Phallusia SAVIGNY Mem. Anim. sans. Vert., pt. 2 (1816), 

 p. 161 ; MILNE-EDWARDS [Obs. Ascid. Comp. in Mem. 

 Acad. Sci. XVIII (1841)]. 



Pirena and Phalluxia (pars) FLEMING Brit. Anim. (1828), 

 p. 468. 



Axrt'diniii (of Baster) WOODWARD Man. Moll. [1856], p, 337; 

 H. and A. ADAMS Gen. Eecent Moll. II [1858], p. 589. 



Animal ovate, coriaceous, semi-transparent, partially 

 contractile, sessile, and usually attached by the right 

 side. Branchial njiriiirre 8-lobed, anal aperture 0-lobed, 

 with the ocelli more or less conspicuous. Tentacular 

 jila in ruts linear. Brancliial sac large, generally ex- 

 tending to the bottom of the mantle ; the meshes recti- 

 linear, with papillae at the intersections. >s'/o, ,/,/<// and 



