433 



vertebra, a bone of the back) ani- 

 mals without back bones. 



Tris, the coloured part of the eye. 



Is'opoda (Gr. itrog, equal ; TTOVQ, a 

 foot), an order of crustaceans, in 

 which the feet are alike, and equal. 



JAWS, of man, 251 ; of other ani- 



mals, 334344. 

 Jelly-fishes, fossil, 676. 

 Judgment, 188, 



KIDNEYS, development of the, 424. 



LA^BIUM, Latin for a lip ; but ap- 



plied only to the lower lip in 



Entomology. 

 La x brum, Latin for a lip, but ap- 



plied only to the upper lip in 



Entomology. 

 Lab'yrinth, a part of the internal 



ear, 150. 



Labyrin'thodon, an extinct reptile, 672 

 Lacer'tans, or lizards, xxi. 

 Lac'teals (Lat. lacteus, milky), ves- 



sels which take up the nutriment 

 Lamellibranchia'ta (Lat. lamella, a 



plate ; Gr. /Spcryxia, gills"), aceph 



alous mollusca, with gills in the 



form of membranous plates, xxiii. 

 Lamel'liform (Lat. lamella, thin 



leaves), shaped like a thin leaf or 



plate. 

 Lar'va (Lat. a mask}, applied to an in- 



sect in its first active state, which 



is generally a different form, and as 



it were masks the ultimate form. 

 Lar'viform, shaped like a larva. 

 Lar'ynx (Gr. XdpvyK), the organ of 



voice, situated at the top of the 



trachea, 180. 

 Laying of eggs, 439. 

 Leaping, 297. 

 Leg, the, 265. 



Lepidop'tera (Gr. \f-n-ig, a scale ; 

 , a wing), the order of in- 



sects in which the wings are 

 clothed with fine scales, as butter- 

 flies and moths. 



Life, the distinctive characteristic of 

 organic bodies, 32 ; animal life, 

 76 ; blood an essential condition 

 of, 354. 



Lith'ophytes (Gr. Xt'Oog, a stone ; 

 (pvrov, a plant), a stone plant, or 

 coral. 



Liver, structure of the, in man, 425. 



Locomotion, 228 307 ; plan of the 

 organs of, 279 288; standing, and 

 modes of progression, 289 307. 



Lower Silurian formation, 650. 



Lower tertiary formation, 650. 



Lungs, the, 386* ; their various 

 forms, 387391. 



Lymphat'ics, 333. 



MALACOI/OGY (Gr. juaXaicoc;, soft ; 

 Xoyoc., discourse), the history of 

 the soft bodied or molluscous 

 animals, which were termed ma- 

 lakia by Aristotle. 



Malacos'tracans, crustaceans, like 

 the lobster, xxii. 



Mal'leus, the, or hammer, 149. 



MammaMia, or Mam'mals (Lat. mam- 

 ma, a breast), the class of animals 

 which give suck to their young, xxi. 



Mam'mals, jaws of, 338 ; alone mas- 

 ticate their food, 341 ; circulation 

 of the blood, 364, 365 ; structure 

 of the liver, 425. 



Mam'mals, reign of, 658, 678. 



Man, nervous system of, 84 91 ; 

 special senses, 120 184 ; skeleton 

 of, 235278 ; circulation of the 

 blood in, 364 366 ; respiration, 

 386, 389, 390 ; structure of the 

 IIVPT* *4- 2 T 



Man, reign of, 658, 684686. 



Mandibula x ta(Lat.m?zrt%wfo, a jaw), 

 the insects which have mouths 

 provided with jaws for ma^ica- 

 tion ; the term mandible is re- 

 stricted in entomology to the 

 upper and outer pair of jaws. 



ManducaHa, insects furnished with 

 jaws, xxii. 



Man'tle, the external soft con- 



Jf F 



