44 SCOTLAND ILLUSTRATED. 



while dissensions, jealousies, and open quarrels, precluded all hearty coopera- 

 tion among the chiefs. The army of the royal Duke, in the mean time, was in 

 good order, well provisioned, confident under the auspices of their new leader, 

 and anxious to retrieve the credit they had forfeited on a recent occasion. 



On the evening preceding the engagement, Prince Charles, with the officers 

 of his staff, took up his quarters in Culloden House. The same night, a 

 project having been formed to surprise the Duke, the army wasted its time 

 and strength in a fruitless expedition to this effect, and had to resume its 

 position in an almost exhausted state between five and six in the morning. 

 The men had received no pay for a month ; and the only ration distributed 

 the preceding day was a biscuit to each man. The night-march had been severe, 

 and with nothing to refresh them on their return, a painful scene ensued. 

 Many of the men threw themselves hastily down for a few minutes' sleep, while 

 others, impelled by hunger, went in search of provisions for themselves and 

 comrades. But at this very juncture, an express arrived to state that the duke's 

 army was in full inarch upon Culloden. At this intelligence every chief hastened 

 to his post; the stragglers .were recalled, the sleeping roused from their brief 

 repose, and a muster of about five thousand troops drawn up on the moor, with 

 some small field-pieces on their right. 



The rival force, amounting to little short of nine thousand, made its appear- 

 ance on the verge of the heath. Its imposing front, flanked by a park of artillery, 

 and supported by troops of horse, was speedily formed and distributed in 

 order of battle. A sharp cannonade on the part of the Highland army opened 

 hostilities, but, the guns being ill served, the shot was at last slack and defective, 

 while a galling fire from the English carried death and disorder into the prince's 

 van. Impatient of this slow and murderous operation, and maddened by the 

 sight of their falling comrades, the Highlanders, with characteristic impetuosity, 

 rushed to the charge. The Duke's right wing met the shock, and recoiled from 

 the weight of the column ; but, soon reinforced by two battalions from the line, 

 again made head and stemmed the torrent. Hereupon, changing the point of 

 attack, the Highlanders threw their whole weight upon the Duke's left wing, 

 making a strong effort to flank the front line. But in this manoeuvre they were 

 again foiled by the advance of Wolfe's regiment, and exposed to a murderous 

 fire from the artillery. In the mean time, a passage being forced through the 

 park wall on the right, the royal cavalry were immediately brought into action, 

 the Prince's corps of reserve dispersed, and the others, having to support 

 a charge of horse, front and rear, were thrown into disorder. A scene of 

 unsparing carnage succeeded. The heavy dragoons, finding little to resist them 



