ESSAY ON CLASSIFICATION. 



liibit one and the same plan of structure, 1 involving ab- 

 stract conceptions of the highest order, far transcending 

 the broadest generalizations of man ; for it is only after 

 the most laborious investigations that man has arrived at 

 an imperfect understanding of this plan. Other plans, 

 equally wonderful, may be traced in Articulata, in Mol- 

 lusks, in Radiata, 2 and in the various types of plants. 3 

 And yet this logical connection, these beautiful harmo- 

 nies, this infinite diversity in unity, are represented by 

 some as the result of forces exhibiting no trace of intelli- 

 gence, no power of thinking, no faculty of combination, no 

 knowledge of time and space. If there is any thing which 

 places man above all other beings in nature, it is precisely 



1 With reference to this point con- 

 sult : OKEN (LoR.), Ueber die Bedeut- 

 ung der Schadel-Knochen ; Frank- 

 fort, 1807, 4to. (pamphlet.) SPIX 

 (J. B.), Cephalogenesis, sive capitis 

 ossei structura, formatio et significa- 

 tio ; Monachii, 1815, fol. GEOFFROY 

 ST. HIL.UKE (Ex.), Philosophic ana- 

 tomique; Paris, 1818-1823, 2 vols. 

 8vo., and several papers in the Annal. 

 des sc. nat., Annal. and Mom. du 

 Museum, etc. CARUS (0. G.), Von 

 den Ur-Theilen des Knochen- und 

 Schalengeriistes ; Leipzig, 1828, fol. 

 OWEN (R.)> ^ n the Archetype and 

 Homologies of the Vertebrate Skele- 

 ton ; London, 1848, 8vo. 



3 OKEN (LoR.), Lehrbuch der Na- 

 turphilosophie ; Jena, 1809-11, 3 vols. 

 8vo. ; Engl. Elements of Physio-phi- 

 losophy, Ray Society, London, 1847, 

 8vo. CUVIER (G.), Sur un nouveau 

 rapprochement a etablir eutre les 

 classes qui composeut le Regue Ani- 

 mal, Annales du Museum, vol. xix, 

 1812. SAVIGNY (J. C.), Memoires 

 sur les animaux sans vertebres ; 

 Paris, 1816, 8vo. BAER (C. E. v.), 

 Ueber Entwickelungsgeschichte der 

 Thiere, Konigsberg, 1828, 4to. 

 LEUCKART (R.), Ueber die Morpho- 

 logic uud dieVerwandtschaftsverhalt- 



nisse der wirbellosen Thiere ; Braun- 

 schweig, 1848, 8vo. AGASSIZ (L.), 

 Twelve Lectures on Comparative Em- 

 bryology ; Boston, 1849, 8vo. On 

 Animal Morphology, Proc. Amer. 

 Assoc. for the Adv. of Science ; Bos- 

 ton, 1850, 8vo., p. 411. I would call 

 particular attention to this paper, 

 which has immediate reference to the 

 subject of this chapter. CARUS (V.), 

 System der thierischen Morphologic; 

 Leipzig, 1853, 1 vol., 8vo. MULLER 

 (J.), Ueber den Bau der Echinoder- 

 men.; Akad. J.Wiss., Berlin, 1854,4to. 

 3 GO'TIJE (J. W.), Zur Naturwiss- 

 enschaft iiberhaupt, besonders zur 

 Morphologic; Stuttgarclt, 1817-24, 2 

 vols. 8vo.; French, (Euvres d'histoire 

 naturelle, comprenant divers me- 

 moires d'Anatomie comparee, de Bo- 

 tanique et de Geologic, traduits et 

 annotes par Ch. Fr. Martins; Paris, 

 1837, 8vo.; atlas in fol. DE CAN- 

 DOLLE (A. P.), Organographie vege- 

 tale; Paris, 1827,2 vols. 8vo. BRAUN 

 (AL.), Vergleichende Uutersuchung 

 iiber die Ordnung der Schuppen an 

 den Tannenzapfen, als Einleitung zur 

 Uutersuchung der Blattstellung iiber- 

 haupt; Act. Nov. Ac. Nat. Curios., 

 vol. xv, 1829. Das Individuuin der 

 Pflanze,Akad.d.Wiss,Berlin,1853,4to. 



