HERMAPHRODITISM IN EURYCEA BISLINEATA. 347 



and is not to be confused with the present problem which has 

 to do with a normal but transitory embryological process." 



The general opinion thus set forth by Swingle finds support 

 also in a statement made by Crew ('21) who said: " Cytologically 

 it has not been proved that the cells which constitute Bidder's or- 

 gan are ovarian and there undoubtedly are reasons for question- 

 ing the generally accepted opinion that this organ is a rudimentary 



ovary." 



The three cases of hermaphroditism already reported in urodeles, 

 disregarding now Knappe's inconclusive report, differ from each 

 other quite markedly. La Valette St. George's case in Triton 

 tcsniatns was referred to by Cole ('96) as " the most complete case 

 of hermaphroditism yet recorded among the Amphibia." The 

 specimen was a male with perfectly distinct and independent 

 paired ovaries, in addition to a pair of normal testes, but, however, 

 without any traces of oviducts. The testes contained developing 

 and fully developed sperms ; and the ovaries, eggs in various 

 stages of maturity. 



The case reported by Krizenecky in Triton cristatns showed the 

 presence of ova within both peripheral and internal lobules of 

 otherwise nonr.al testes. 



The case reported by Chapin in Eurycea bislincata was that of 

 an advanced larva in which the gonad was essentially male with 

 female elements. Macroscopically, the anterior part of the left 

 gonad, which was much reduced in size, resembled the normal 

 testis in texture, though not in shape, while the posterior region 

 was distinctly like an ovary. The right gonad, which was some- 

 what smaller than the normal testis of an individual of the same 

 size, showed another sort of hermaphroditism. Two ova were 

 found in the otherwise apparently normal testis, each one com- 

 pletely filling one lobule, which would normally contain a large 

 number of male cells. This case showed, therefore, two ways in 

 which female elements may be disposed in otherwise distinctly 

 male gonads ; one in the form of growing ova among the cysts of 

 spermatogonia, and the other by a modification of a part of the 

 gonad into a region resembling an ovary. The numerous cases of 

 hermaphroditism which we have found in this same species are all 

 of the same general character as that described by Chapin. 



