United States Survey of the West. 



nection between the development of the brain as regards 

 the mental faculties, and the development of the brain 

 as regards leading movements in one side of the body. 

 There is a great chance, therefore, that if we give a good 

 deal of attention, or, better, as much attention to the 

 left side of our body as we give to the right, there is a 

 great chance that we would have two brains as regards 

 mental functions, instead of one as we have now. There 

 is 110 doubt that we cau improve the two sides of the 

 body constantly. The facts I have mentioned as 

 regards those children having atrophy on the 



left side of the body, do not leave 

 room to doubt. It is clear we can develop 

 the left side so as to make it exercise all the functions 

 which exist in most of ns in the left side of the brain, 

 audit so iu cases of atrophy on one side of the brain, 

 why not so iu cases in which we have two brains 1 I 

 thinK, therefore, the important point should be to try to 

 make every child, as early as possible, exercise the two 

 sides of the body equally to make use of them alter- 

 nately. One day or one week it would be one arm which 

 would be employed fur certain things, such as writing, 

 cutting meat, or putting a fork or spoon iu the mouth, or 

 in auy of the other various organs in which both the 

 hands and the feet are employed. In this way it would 

 be very easy indeed to obtain a great deal, if 

 not all. We know that even adults cau come to 

 make use of their left arm. A person who has lost his 

 right arm can learn to write (with difficulty, it is true, 

 because in adult life it is much more difficult to produce 

 these effects than in children), and the left arm can be 

 used in a great variety of ways by persons who wish 

 to make use of it. It is perfectly well known that the 

 left arm is employed in playing on the piano or on cer- 

 tain other instruments almost as well as the right arm. 

 Therefore there is no difficulty in training children to 

 make use of both sides of the body equally. 



There is also another fact as regards the power of 

 training. Even in adults who have lost the power of 

 speech from disease of the left side of the brain, it is 

 possible to train the patient to speak, and mosc likely 

 then, by the use of the right side of the brain, the left 

 side of those patients, with great difficulty, will come to 

 learn. They always have more difficulty than do chil- 

 dren, but they learn if tney are taught in tho same way. 

 It is the same kind of teaching that we employ 

 for a child when we try to make it speak, it is the 

 same way that should be employed to teach an 

 adult who has lost the power of speech. It is 

 so also, as regards gesture, and the rest. I have 

 trained some patients to make gestures with 

 the left arm, who had lost the power of 

 gesture with tho riant, and who were quite uncomforta- 

 ble because their left arm, when they tried to move it. 

 at times moved in quite an irregular way, and without 

 any harmony. There is a power of training, therefore, 

 even in adults, and if so, that power exists in children, 

 and as we well know that we can make a child naturally 

 left-handed come to be right-handed, in the same way 

 we can make a child who is naturally right-handed 

 come to be left-handed also. But the great point should 

 be to equally develop the two sides. To point out this 

 has beeu the object of this lecture, and I have now to 

 thank you for having listened to the, lonff and tedious 

 arguments. 



U. S. SURVEY OF THE WEST. 



THE WHEELER EXPLORING EXI'KDl HON. 



A VAST WORK, OK WHICH LITTLE HAS BEEN KNOWN 

 OUTSIDE OF GOVERNMENT ARCHIVES PLAN FOR 

 A UNIFORM SYSTEM OF SURVEY Til HOIK 5 IK >l I' 

 THE COUNTRY DETAILS OF THE WORK ACTUALLY 

 PERFORMED NEW AND INTERESTING FACTS 

 RESPECTING COLORADO, WESTERN UTAH, AKI- 

 ZOXA, AND NEW MEXICO. 



[FROM AN OCCASIONAL CORRESPONDENT OF THE TRIBUNI .] 



WASHINGTON, April 30. The surveys of our 



Western Territories, conducted at the exu ;nso of the 

 Government, have assumed such magnitude in them- 

 selves, as well as iu the interests which they involve, 

 that the rivalry between them, which has now almost 

 taken the form of a contest, becomes a matter of general 

 interest. Of the two classes of Western surveys, those un- 

 der civilian management and those under tueWar Depart- 

 ment, the formerhave by far mare greatly enjoyed tho ad- 

 vantage of newspaper publicity. Of tho labors of the 

 War Department in tiiis field, little has reached the pub- 

 lic, except a comparatively brief sketch published in 

 THE TRIBUNE after the return of Lieut. Wheeler's Expe- 

 dition of 1873. Pending the discussion of the cost, pro- 

 ceeds and value of Territorial surveys which is likely to 

 engage the attention of Congress within a fewdays.it 

 seems desirable that a full account should be given of 

 the work that has been done by the Bureau of Eugiueeiw 

 of the War Department. As a preface to this account, a 

 brief resume of some of the facts stated in conversation 

 by Lieut. G. M. Wheeler. U. S. A., the officer in charge of 

 the United States Survey West of the 100th Meridian, 

 will prove of interest. 



VALUE AND PLAN OF SURVEY. 



The need of an accurate and careful topographical 

 survey of our western territory is not open to question. 

 The experience of older countries may be taken in this 

 macter as a guide. In Boaeuiia, tor instance, maps have 

 been published showing by gradations of color not only 

 the elevations, but even the geological sections. As yet 

 such a map of our country could not be constructed. 

 The survey which has been organized and conducted 

 under the War Department owes its origin and charac- 

 ter to the absolute needs of that Department; the 

 knowledge obtained is also of vast service to the Ds- 

 partment of the Interior, to the settlers of the West, to 

 scientific investigation, to industrial enterprises, and to 

 the country at large. 



The scheme of the survey primarily includes the en- 

 tire mapping of the Territories ; not a sporadic survey, 

 touching here and there on points of interest, but a 

 complete Jone, connecting the work with that of tho 

 Coast Survey and extending the determinations of local- 

 ity over the entire area of the United States. Tho atlas 

 sheets when finished will delineate the whole country 

 west of the 100th meridian an area of nearly l,50:).oao 

 square miles. In the past three years the survey has 

 covered 228,000 square miles, and at this rate it will take 

 fully 10|years to complete it without assistance from 

 other sources. 



Better to facilitate topographical representation, and 

 to preserve uniformity of publication as to scale and 

 size, the region west of the 100th meridian has been 

 laid off in rectangles, each emiiracing about 18,000 square 

 miles. Each map published will ba on a scale of one inch, 

 to eight miles, and will represent the area m one of these 

 rectangles. Thus as the work proceeds the maps will 



