Tribune Extras Lecture and Letter Scries. 



"Scamander" to bo the SimoTs. They placed Ilium 

 JTovum, the later Greek city, mentioned by Strain) 

 and other authorities, at the point now called //;'<- 

 farlilc ("the place of the Ca-t! "), a broad plateau of 

 no great hiulit, at t lie end of ono of the low lanu'es 

 of hills which stretch into tho plain from the base of 

 Ida. This position is jnst three mil . fiom the site 

 of the Givi k camp at Siireum. A glance at the out- 

 line map I send will make tho topography of t!r> 

 Tio-id easily intelligible. 1 O.ioiiid explain that the 

 term Jlinnt Xrtnn \* not us, d l>y i lie ancient writers. 

 It appear-- to have lu-eii an invention of the French 

 traveler, Lechevalier. who vi-itcd the Tread in 1788. 

 But it is a convenient de-ii. r nation for the later 

 (I. k Ilium, and I ijuoie it in i his sense. 



Si hliemann's familiarity with Homer satisfied 

 him, at once, tint thelat'.T had seen every local it y 

 which iio describes. In i'.iet, this impression is 

 j-tronsrly forced upon every one, who visits tin- spot. 

 I have twice 1. H. l;ed upon the plain of Troy from the 

 deck of a v, .---I passing between it and Teredos, 

 having on one li.md the sky-piercing peaks of Sanio- 

 thrac-e in tin- di->'ance. towering over the low inter- 

 mediate hills of Imbros, and on the other the broad, 

 uncultivated fields of Troy, divided by the sinuous 

 thickets which mark the course of Seamunder, -with 

 Ida, farrowed -with piny glens, in tho background, 

 and tho sn >wy ores! of " topmost Gargarus" over all. 

 You remenih T, no doubt, the charming description 

 of tbe scene iu " Eothen." 



In ten days Schlieuiann convinced liimself, in the 

 most practical way, that the Mendere was the 

 Seamai der and not the SimoTs, that Boimarhashi 

 could not pnssildy ho the site of Troy, that the Inure 

 natural acropolis near it bad never > orne "Priam's 

 lofty house." and that Ilium Xorum had been simply 

 built upon the rnhliish of Ilium Tctusin short, 

 that whatever was to be found of the real Troy 

 must be, sought for under the surface of the plateau 

 of Hissarlik. His chief reasons are the following : 



1. After sinking a number of small pits on the 

 liU'hts of Bounarbashi, he found no trace of aeifv 

 having ever stood there. The primitive "bed-rock" 

 Was reached, in i'ianv instances. 



2. The tumuli, called alter Hector and Friain, have 

 bet n opened, hn* contain no evidence of ha\ini; 

 been u.-ed fi.r M-MM!; ure. l'> ; t ween them and the 

 citadel an- the remains of a small town, which 

 could not have contained more than 12,000 inhabit an: s. 



8. The ciiadcl, which has been supposed to be the 

 fenjainiK nf 1'iiam. has a hiirht of 450 feet : ils -ides 

 fall at MI au-leef l. at lirst, and finally of (xP, so 

 that 1 lector and Achilles, in their triple race around 

 the walls of Trov, could hardly havo made the 

 break-neck devcrnt. 'Hi.- sab-tructions of tho 

 ancient edilir or I li.- -i mini it aie so limited in space, 

 having onlv one end ance a d. or a .\anl wide 

 1' at they DOVI i CO .\'\ have belonged to in,, ci'adel- 

 lialac-.' ..I a place BO ]> onlou-i and important as 1 r,,\-. 



4. The- distance- from >iu'<'iim fnearlv 10 l-'iiu p lish 



mile.-) is so irreat that the marches book and forth 



of tin- ( ;i eek> friim t h'-ir cani|i t<> tin- v, ;,lls of Troy, 



as described in the tir-i seven I'lnks of the ilia.', 

 CouJd uot pos-rrihly have bueu pcrfurmcd iu the time 



mentioned ty Kamer. Troy must hare stood much 

 nearer the sea, or the poet indulged in a reckless 



exaiTireiat ion, with which he has never been charged. 



5. Instead of the two fountains mentioned by 

 TTomer. there are no less than thirty-four at Bounar- 

 haslii, tlieir nnited outllow forming a strong stream 

 (called the Scauiandcr by former archaeologists), a 

 part of whose waters are carried to tho JEgeau by 

 an ancient canal, to prevent the plain from being 

 inundated during the Spring floods. 



0. Mount Ida is not visible from any part of tha 

 hiirhtof Bonnarbashi. 



At Jlissailik, however, Dr. Schlicmann found all 

 the conditions required. Moreo/er. a number ol 

 passages in ancient authors, especially Strabo, all 

 indicated that tho later Ilium occupied the site of 

 tho older city. The distance to Sigeuni is three 

 English miles; tho Scamander llnvs b,'t \\een; 

 Mount Ida rises clearly above the eastern horizon, 

 and a smaller stream, coming down from the north- 

 ward, sufficiently represents the simols. The situa- 

 tion is grand and imposing, overlooking plain and 

 sea. The circumference of the walls of the later 

 city is about three miles, which, supposing they 

 indicated the site of tho ancient Trojan walls, 

 would not be too great a distance for tho triple race 

 of Achilles and Hector. At Bounarbashi tho space 

 which, must necessarily have been traversed is 

 nearly double. Finally, tho whole surface of the 

 plateau of Hissarlik is covered witb fragments of 

 marble and pottery, which can bo nothing else than 

 the debris of the later Troy. No ono can deny that 

 these arc fair and reasonable grounds. They have 

 been sharply assailed, of course, by stay-at-home 

 scholars; but tho man who digs day after day on 

 the supposed site of a city to satisfy hims.df that its 

 bon^f) are not there, who tries to run around its cir- 

 cuit, and travels back and forth between it and the 

 established locality of the Grecian camp, has an ex- 

 cellent claim to be beard. Immmliately after his re- 

 turn to Paris, Dr. Schliuniann published a volume 

 called " Ithaca, t lie I'elo-.Mvie.ssus, and Troy " but it 

 does not seem to havo attracted any general atten- 

 tion. In it he gives his views concerning tho site of 

 Troy, feeling sure, probably, that no one else would 

 be likely to anticipate his secret purpose of returu- 

 ing to the spot and undertaking a:i excavation. 



KKTl'KN TO THE TK<>A1>. 



A few months after the publication of his volume 

 Scii!i;-ma::!i returned to (ireecc. From this timo 

 At bens has been his permanent home. Before be- 

 frinuing again his researches, ho married an accom- 

 plished Greek lady, who won his heart by her en- 

 thusiasm for his labors and her knowledge of 

 Homer. Iliave no detailed account id his explora- 

 tions at lli.s-arlik in April, isru, further than their 

 result and I he cans.' ol their being suspended. 



The plateau on \v!iic!i t he later Troy stood is about 

 three nules in circumference and S) feet above tho 

 level of tho plain. Its northern sido rises very 

 abruptly; on the, west and son! h it slopes oil' gradu- 

 ally, while on tin.- ea>t it is separated only by a slight 

 depression from the low spur of hills which stretch 

 out fruiu tho chain of Ida. At its north-western cor- 



