XIV LIFE OF JOSHUA ALDEE, 



the west coast at Swansea, Tenby, and Beaumaris; on the 

 Scotch coast his investigations were carried on at Arran, 

 Rotliesay, Oban. and other localities ; and he also visited 

 Dublin. He delighted in tine scenery, and in addition to the 

 Natural History spolia which he brought home from these 

 expeditions, he always had numerous sketches in pencil of 

 views which impressed him by their beauty. " Thus it was 

 that, by undivided attention for many years to the systematic 

 observation and collection of the different animals in their 

 natural resorts, and by careful study and arrangement of 

 them at home, he was enabled slowly but surely to develop 

 and mature his talents, and to amass the large museum of 

 British shells and zoophytes which was his pride, and one of 

 the foundations of his fame as a Naturalist." 



In 1842 the first publication on Nudibranchiate Mollusca 

 under the joint names of Alder and Hancock appeared in the 

 ' Annals and Magazine of Natural History'; and numerous 

 papers followed in the same journal reporting fresh discoveries 

 among these beautiful Mollusca. The ' Monograph of the 

 British Nudibranchiate Mollnsca ' w;is published by the Ray 

 Society during the years 1845 to 1855. This very fine work 

 at once raised its authors into the first rank of Naturalists."* 



In 1846 the Tyneside Naturalists' Field Club was founded, 

 and Joshua Alder was one of its original Committee, and in 

 1849 was elected its President. The first volume of the Club's 

 ' Transactions ' contained his well-known " Catalogue of the 

 Mollusca of Northumberland and Durham." This catalogue 

 embraced 394 species, but amongst them were 30 species of 

 Tunicata, in the examination and description of which he 

 was joined by Albany Hancock. 



After the completion of the Monograph on the Nudibran- 

 chiate Mollusca, Alder began to publish his papers on 

 Zoophytes, the most important of which is " A Catalogue of 

 the Zoophytes of Northumberland and Durham ' ; ('Trans. 

 Tyneside Nat. Field Club,' Vol. Ill, 1857) and its Supplement 

 (Vol. V, 1863). Under the term Zoophyte at that time were 

 included not only the Ccelenterata but also the Polyzoa, to 

 both of which groups the author added many new species. 



An account has already been given, at the commencement of 

 the first volume of this work, of Alder's researches with 

 respect to the Tunicata. A full list of his publications, fifty- 

 three in number, will be found by those who may wish to 

 consult it, at the end of his Life by Dr. Embleton. 



: They left sufficient material for a Sxipplementary Part, which will 

 shortly be published by the Ray Society. 



