i go A BOOK OF WHALES 



Sir R. Owen pointed out that it is even shorter 

 snouted than that species ; the outline of the occipital 

 behind is, if anything, convex, while the same outline 

 in K. breviceps is concave ; the occipital condyle too 

 stands out more in K. simus. The peculiar upturned 

 snout suggested the name. Furthermore, the fewer 

 teeth in the lower jaw and perhaps the two teeth in 

 the upper jaw are marks of specific distinction which 

 cannot be overlooked. As to the latter it is possibly 

 not a valid specific character. Physeter itself has a 

 series of somewhat rudimentary teeth in the upper 

 jaw, and it is therefore possible that its near ally 

 Kogia has the same structural feature. However, 

 in any case the vertebral formula is quite different ; 

 the small number of lumbars distinguishes the present 

 form from all others. As in K. breviceps the first rib 

 articulates with the last cervical (but by ligament 

 only) and the first dorsal ; after this come seven ribs 

 which similarly are possessed of both capitulum and 

 tuberculum. The capitulum, it should be noted, lies 

 between the centra of adjacent vertebrse. Four ribs 

 reach the sternum, which is made up of three pieces 

 partly divided in the middle line. 



The phalangeal formula is as follows : 1,2. I, 5. 

 Ill, 4. IV, 4. V, 2. 



Mr. Gill* created a species, Kogia floweri, for a 

 Pygmy Sperm whale from the shores of California. 

 It was an individual of some nine feet in length with 



* "Sperm Whales, Giant and Pygmy," American Naturalist, 1871. 



