60 SJÖSTEDTS KILIMANDJARO-MEEÜ EXPEDITION. 20: 4. 



to be emphasized that these two families are not intimately related. The remarkable 

 genus Palpipes also throws a light on another genus, which I have formerly formed, viz: 

 the genus Mesoceras. When 23 years ago I described this genus \ I was especially 

 induced to do so by the fact that the femur of the first pair of legs is provided with spines. 



According to my knowledge of the Opiliones Laniatores, I could not doubt but 

 that this feature made suppose that in Mesoceras not only the palpi but also the first 

 pair of legs play an essential part for the animal in catching and keeping the prey. That 

 I was right in this conclusion — so that, in Opposition to my learned friend Dr. Loman, 

 I must mainlain that Mesoceras is a good genus ■ — is now beyound doubt after I have 

 got acquainted with the new genus Palpipes. For as to this genus, a single look at 

 the Fig. 3 b will certainly suffice to see that the first pair of legs of this animal is so 

 strongly developed for catching and seizing the prey, that it hardly serves for moving. 

 Palpipes thus is a form deviating from the general relations in the Arachnida: this class 

 having 4 pair of members developed, more or less exclusively, for the Service of moving. ^ 



My not having mentioned this peculiar development of the first pair of legs in my 

 diagnosis of the family Palpipedoidcc but only in that of the genus Palpipes, is due 

 to the genus Mesoceras. For partly the family Biantoidae Thor., to which Mesoceras 

 belongs, is by no means related to the Palpipedoidae, and partly Mesoceras is the only genus 

 of the Biantoidse which shows this feature. In connection to this phenomenon I may be allowed 

 to remind of the fact that birds provided with spurs on their wings are not mutually related. 



The localities where Dr. Sjöstedt has coUected Opiliones at Kilimandjaro and Meru 

 belong to four groups, determined by the height. 



The first group counts localities in the lowlands: Meru lowlands, on the west side 

 of the mountain; here was only taken: Amasis quadricornis. Kilimandjaro: Rhampsinifus 

 niger and Phalanginm pictum. 



The second group counts localities in the cultivated zone, at a height of 

 1,300 — 1,900 m. Here are found: Bhampsinitus m'ger; Phalangium coxale; Ph. ptero- 

 nium; Ph. pictum (only one specimen); Amasis quadricornis: Sesosfris gracilis. 



The third group counts localities, the rainforests, at a height of 2,000 — 3,500 m. 

 Here are found: Phalangium pictum; Cheops armatus; Palpipes tgpus; Ereca rnfa; 

 Amasis quadricornis. 



The fourth group of localities, the mountain meadows, Kilimandjaro, lie between 

 3,000 and 4,000 m. Here are taken: Phalangium montanuni; Ph. 2nctum; Ph. tneso- 

 melas; Cheops armatus; Biantes punctatus: Ereca undulatus: E. affinis: E. lata; E. 

 modesta; E. Simulator; E. rufa; Amasis mesoleucus; A. accentuatus; A. patellaris. 



\In: Opiliones Australa.sije, in Koch, L. : Die Araehniden Australien.s, II, Noiinbergiae 1886, p. 67. 



' I take the liberty to remind tlie reader of the fact that the niandibulse (the "inaxiliic" autoruni) in the 

 Palpigradi {Koenenia Grassi) do not play any part whatever as to the handling of the nourislmient, but is 

 exclusively fit for moving; that the first pair of legs of the Pedipalpi hardly plays any part as to moving, 

 but I dare say only as an Instrument for touch; and that in the Solifugte only the three hindmost pair of 

 members are developed for moving. 



