ANTHOPHILOUS INSECT FAUNA OF CLOVA MOUNTAINS 35 



been remarked that the Tachinidas owe their autumnal maximum to 

 Siphona geniculata, an insect deserving of notice, for its tongue is 

 remarkably long. Among our Anthomyidse the largest and longest- 

 tongued, Drymia hainata, Fin., is autumnal (119 individuals in 

 summer and 668 in autumn), and Hyetodesia incctna, W., which is 

 the largest and longest-tongued of its genus, is sestival-autumnal 

 (558 and 442 being the proportions of individuals for the two 

 seasons). 



Lepidoptera. -The. Lepidoptera next require comment. We 

 have seen that Eriocephala calthella, L., is entirely festival. The 

 autumnal moths are chiefly Hydrcecia nictitans and Celcena Haworthii, 

 Curts., and a somewhat autumnal butterfly is Polyommatus phlceas, 

 L. The vernal long-tongued Lepidoptera are chiefly the butterflies 

 Vanessa urticce, L. and Pieris napi, L. In summer LyccEiia Icarus, 

 L., is the commonest insect of the class ; it is joined, as the Ericas 

 burst into flower, by two species of Ag/aia, by C&nonympha Pain- 

 phihts, L., by several species of Plnsia, and by many other butterflies 

 and moths. In the Lepidoptera, again, the autumnal maximum is 

 due to a few species present in large numbers, while summer has 

 the greater variety. 



Coleoptera. Coleoptera showed an increase to autumn. In 

 spring they are rare ; in summer there are many species about : 

 Epurcea cestiva, L., being next commonest to the two common 

 Meligethes, and Anthophagus alpinus, Payk., being by no means 

 rare. In autumn the abundance is due to Meligcthes viridesccns, 

 F., and Meligethes tzneus, F. There is no heightening of the type 

 through the seasons. 



Parasitic Hymenoptera. Parasitic Hymenoptera become very 

 abundant in autumn, especially the larger Ichneumonidae, such as 

 Alomyia and Ichneumon. 



I. Bombus and 

 Psithyrus 



2. 



DECIDEDLY DESIRABLE VISITORS. 



Spring. Summer. 



Average type high Longest - tongued 

 Bombi not un- 

 common 



Autumn. 



Average type low ; 

 the shortest- 

 tongued Bombi 



very abundant. 



3. Long-tongued Type high; species Longest-tongued Type rather lower 

 Lepidoptera few moth on the than spring: 



wing ; 

 varied 



on the 



species 



than spring: 

 species not many. 



4. Andrena, etc. 



5. Chrysis and 



Odynerus 



DESIRABLE VISITORS. 

 Absent . Present 



Absent. 



