BOTANICAL NOTES AND NEWS 189 



found tuberous swellings, probably of similar origin, on roots of 

 Juncus lamprocarpus. Mr. P. Cameron (" Proc. and Trans. Nat. Hist. 

 Soc. Glasgow," N. Ser. I. p. 299) in 1886 (read 24th November 

 1885) records that he had found similar bodies on the roots of 

 Juncus squarrosus, and of J. uliginosus, on Clober Moor and near 

 Thornhill, and that he had " seen almost identical tumours near the 

 Brother Loch on Eriophorum vaginatum, on the stem quite close to 

 the roots." Dr. Magnus published the results of further investiga- 

 tions on the gall-makers of this type in 1888 ("Berichte d. deutsch 

 bot. Gesellsch." vi. pp. 100-104), and distinguished the following, 

 giving figures of their spores : Schinzia cypericola, on roots of Cyperus 

 flavescens, L. ; S. Aschersoniana, n. sp., that found in the above- 

 mentioned galls, on Juncus bufonius, L. ; and S. Casparyana, n. sp., 

 on roots of Juncus Tenageia, Ehrh. Dr. Lagerheim, also in 1888, 

 described in " Hedwigia " an additional species, which he named 

 Entorrhiza digitata, detected by him in palmated small tuberous 

 galls on the roots of Juncus articulatus, L. These last have been 

 found near Pontresina in Switzerland, and also at the Titisee in 

 Germany. Other species also have been described, viz. Entorrhiza 

 Solani, Fautr. ("Revue Mycologique," 1896, p. 1 1), in rotten potatoes 

 in France; and E. scirpicola (Correns, in "Hedwigia," 1897, p. 40), 

 Saccardo ("Sylloge," xiv. p. 425, 1899), in swellings on roots of 

 Scirpus pauciflora in Switzerland ; and a doubtful species, E. (?) 

 cellulicola (Nasgeli in " Linnaea," 1842, p. 279), De Toni, on roots 

 of an Iris in Switzerland. The species are distinguished from one 

 another, not only by the plants on which they produce galls, but also 

 by their spores. Those on Juncus show the following characters : 

 E. Aschersoniana, in root -galls of J. bufonius, has spores oval, 

 15-17 x 11-15 P> yellow to chestnut brown, closely covered with 

 numerous largish warts ; E. Casparyana, in root-galls of J. Tenageia, 

 has spores globular, 17-22 ^ diameter, pale yellow, covered with 

 large irregular warts ; E. digitata, in irregularly palmated tuberous 

 galls on roots of J. articulatus, has spores globose, 18-30 ^ (usually 

 20 fj.) diameter, covered with nearly uniform warts. In October 

 1899 I found numerous galls of the form indicated, and varying in 

 size from a large pinhead to a large vetch seed, on roots of J. lampo- 

 carpus, Ehrh., in an old quarry in Drumblade, near Huntly ; and in 

 these occurred the characteristic spores of E. digitata. By it no 

 doubt were formed the galls found by Professor Balfour on J. lampo- 

 carpus near Glasgow. I have not seen swellings on any other Juncus 

 or on any Cyperaceous plant in Scotland ; but they should be looked 

 for. Mr. Cameron's observations prove that such exist and await 

 examination. JAMES W. H. TRAIL. 



