614 



PHYSIOLOGY 



CHAP. 



of the hippocampus, he obtained temporary abolition of smell and 

 taste, in addition to loss of touch and hearing. None of these 

 experiments as Ferrier expressly points out can define the 

 exact limits of the centre of taste and smell ; but he believes that 

 the olfactory area is quite distinct from the area that reacts to 

 electrical stimulation. 



Our experiments on dogs (1885) confirm the importance of 

 the hippocampal region for the olfactory sense. They further 



Fie;. 304. External surface of right hemisphere of female infant 54 cm. long, still-born a month 

 before normal period of foetal maturity. (Flechsig.) The explanation refers to this and the 



following ligure. 



The figures on this and the following illustration indicate the chronological order in which the 

 til ni's lying below the different cortical area become myelinated ; the letters show the order of 

 myelination of different segments of the same area. The dotted surface shows the distribution 

 of iinyelination, which is approximately the same as that observed in male infants of a month 

 old. The temporal lobe is pressed downwards, so as to open the Sylvian fissure and make visible 

 the convolutions of the island of Reil. The elementary fields become myelinated in the following 

 imler: 1, lamina perforata anterior, trigonum olfactorium (invisible in both figures); 2, lolmlN 

 paracentralis, upper third of the two central convolutions ; '2b, median third of posterior central 

 convolution and, later, the corresponding convex segment of the pie-central (motor area); 3, 

 septum lucidum ; 4tt, 4&, gyms hippocampi ; 5, lips of calcarine fissure, occipital pole, gyms 

 ilcM-endens ; ii, gyrus fornicatus ; 7, 1st temporal convolution; 7", upper' part of posterior con- 

 volution of island; 8, foot of 1st frontal; Sb, subjacent part of gyrus fornicatus; ti, supeiim 

 segment of cuneus ; 10, inner surface of temporal pole ; 11, transverse convolution of frontal lobe, 

 orbital portion of 3rd frontal; IL.', gyrus siibangularis ; 13, gyrus supra-angularis ; 14, 14b, 1st 

 temporal ; 15, 15b, 1st frontal, particularly the inner sin-face and anterior part of gyrus fornicatus ; 

 Iti, 1st parietal; 17, 17ft, areas round field 5; 18, ISb, foot of 2nd and 3rd frontal; I'.i, gyrus 

 .-iiprainarginalis ; 20, 3rd occipital; 21, posterior segment of 1st parietal; 22, greater part of 

 island; 23, gyrus occipito-temporalis ; 24, 2nd occipital; 25, small posterior inferior portion of 

 gyrus fornicatus (omitted); 26, at base of frontal lobe (omitted); 27, median segment of 3nl 

 hontal; 28, polar portion of 1st frontal (omitted); 20, rest of gyms supramarginalis (omitted) ; 

 30 (erroneously marked 35), upper part of 2nd frontal; 31, over field 12 (omitted); 32, lower part. 

 of island; 33, portion of gyrus fornicatus lying below praecuneus ; 34. gyrus angularis ; 35, inner 

 surface, of frontal lobe ; 36, 2nd and 3rd temporal convolution. 



show that the pes hippocampi major or the cornu Ammonis is 

 an important part of the olfactory centre. 



