PHYSIOLOGY 



CHAPTER III 



PAGE 



LIVING MATTEU : CONDITIONS BY WHICH IT is DETERMINED 64 



1. Nutrition the necessary external condition of vital metabolism. 

 Phenomena of inanition. 2. Importance of water. Latent life and 

 anabiosis. 3. Importance of oxygen. Aerobic and anaerobic life. 4. 

 External temperature indispensable to life. 5. Total pressure of air 

 and water, and partial pressure of oxygen and carbonic acid. 6. Ex- 

 ternal stimuli. 7. Chemical stimuli. Chemotaxis. 8. Mechanical 

 stimuli. Barotaxis. 9. Thermal stimuli : thermotaxis. 10. Photic 

 stimuli. Phototaxis and Heliotaxis. 11. Electrical stimuli. Galvano- 

 taxis. 12. The various biological zones of ocean life (I'liniUnu}. 13. 

 Internal conditions and stimuli of metabolism. Theory of automatism. 

 14. Hypotheses to explain the intimate mechanism of living matter. 

 Bibliography. 



CHAPTER IV 



THE BLOOD : FORMED CONSTITUENTS . . . .91 



1. Arrangement of human physiology, and classification of functions. 

 2. Importance of the blood as centre of the vegetative system and agent 

 of general metabolism. 3. Historical development of haematology. 

 4. General physico-chemical characters of the blood. 5. Estimation 

 of total quantity. 6. Physical and morphological characters of erythro- 

 cytes, and estimation of their relative quantity. 7. Chemical compo- 

 sition. Properties of haemoglobin and its derivatives. 8. Character, 

 composition, and physiological properties of leucocytes. 9. Blood 

 platelets, and elementary granulation of the blood. Bibliography. 



CHAPTER V 



THE BLOOD: PLASMA . ... 123 



1. Different methods for separation of blood plasma from corpuscles. 

 2. Histogenic substances or proteins of plasma : fibrinogen, serum 

 globulin, serum albumin, sero - mucoid. 3. Nitrogenous histolytic 

 products of plasma. 4. Fatty substances. Carbohydrates and their 

 derivatives. 5. Inorganic substances. Blood gases. 6. Theory of 

 Coagulation : () Conditions of blood coagulation ; (b) disintegration 

 of corpuscles as cause of coagulation ; (c) fibrinogen as fibrin generator ; 

 (d) analogies between blood coagulation and curdling of milk ; (c) im- 

 portance of time in coagulation ; (/) thrombin and nucleins as coagu- 

 lating substances ; (</) histone and cytoglobulin as anti-coagulating 

 substances. 7. Osmotic pressure, molecular concentration, electrical 

 conductivity and viscosity of blood and serum. 8. Functions of the 

 blood : (a) effects of bleeding ; (b) effects of transfusion of homo- and 

 heterogeneous blood ; (c) bactericidal and immunising properties of 

 blood and serum. Bibliography. 



