1909.] PUBLIC DOCUMENT- -No. 73. 59 



vast amount of material, in which he was fortunate enough to 

 secure the active co-operation of the native entomologists, is 

 noteworthy. 



In addition to the Glyptapanteles, which is considered as 

 the most important of the Japanese parasites, several other 

 species, less important according to our present standards, but 

 promising, nevertheless, were received through Professor Ivin- 

 caid. These include Tachinids of several species, for the most 

 part similar to European forms ; several Hymenopterous para- 

 sites of the pupae, and a number of egg parasites, a part of which 

 have since been received in considerable numbers through Jap- 

 anese entomologists, and are now being held at the laboratory 

 for liberation in the spring. 



The work upon predaceous beetles has been in some respects 

 the most satisfactory of any done at the laboratory. In 1906 

 and again in 1907 considerable numbers of the most promising 

 of these, Calosoma sycopliania, were imported as adults, and 

 liberated in several localities in eastern Massachusetts. In 

 1907 the beetles were found in nearly all of the localities where 

 liberations were made the previous season, and in 1908 they 

 were again found in these colonies, and also in the colonies es- 

 tablished in 1907. In most instances they were present in 

 numbers sufficient to denote a most satisfactory rate of increase. 



V 



Beginning in the fall of 1907 and continuing through 1908, 

 several other beetles, less promising, but of possible assistance 

 in controlling the gypsy moth, were imported in smaller num- 

 bers and studied at the laboratory or liberated directly in the 

 field. A considerable number of adults of the Calosoma above 

 mentioned were kept under as natural conditions as possible 

 in the laboratory, and from them a large number of larvae were 

 reared through their early stages and then liberated in the open. 

 Serious losses, which are likely to occur among the very young 

 larvae in the field, were thereby avoided, and the increase and 

 rapidity of dissemination of the insect hastened. 



So common did this enemy become in certain of the localities 

 where it had been liberated, as to make it advisable during the 

 summer to issue a brief bulletin, illustrating the different 

 stages, as a warning to those engaged in the destruction of the 



