THE HISTORY OF THE CONGRESS 41 



procedure. It was found , after collecting , that the number of addresses 

 to be translated was forty-four. The translators were selected by 

 the editor upon the advice of the members of the Administrative 

 Board and Organizing Committee, and great care was taken to find 

 persons not only thoroughly trained in the two languages and pos- 

 sessing a good English style, but also persons who were thoroughly 

 conversant with the subject on which the paper treated. Many of 

 the translators were suggested by the foreign speakers themselves. 

 As a result of this careful selection, the editor feels confident that the 

 original value of the papers has been in no wise detracted from, and 

 that both in form and content the translations are thoroughly satis- 

 factory. 



It will be found that some addresses are not closely related to the 

 scheme of the Congress. Either through some misunderstanding of the 

 exact purpose of the Congress, or through too close devotion to their 

 own particular phase of investigation, some half-dozen speakers sub- 

 mitted papers dealing with special lines of work. These, while valu- 

 able and scholarly from their standpoint, do not accord with a series 

 of papers prepared with a view to general relations and historical 

 perspective. The exceptions are so few, however, as not seriously to 

 interfere with the unity of the plan. 



In the arrangement of the papers the order of the official pro- 

 gramme is followed exactly, with the exception that, under Historical 

 Science, Departments 3, 4, and 8, covering History of Politics, Law, 

 and Religion, are combined in one volume; and Departments 5, 6, 

 and 7, covering History of Language, Literature, and Art, are com- 

 bined in the succeeding volume. In volume one, the first chapter is 

 devoted to the history of the Congress, written by the editor, in which 

 is set forth the plain narrative of the growth and development of 

 the Congress, as much for the benefit of similar undertakings in the 

 future as for the interest of those participating in this Congress. The 

 second chapter contains the scientific introduction, written by Prof. 

 Hugo Munsterberg of Harvard University, First Vice-President of 

 the Congress and Member of the Organizing Committee. This is 

 written for the purpose of giving in detail the principles upon which 

 the classification was based, and the relations which the different 

 sections and departments held to each other. 



Each paper is prefaced by a very short biographical note in cate- 

 gorical form, for the purpose of insuring the identity of the speaker 

 as long in the future as the volumes may exist. Appended to the ad- 

 dresses of each department is a short bibliography, which is essential 

 for a general study of the subject in question. These are in no wise 

 exhaustive or complete, but are rather designed to be a small, valu- 

 able, working reference library for students. The bibliographies have 

 been prepared by eminent experts in the departments of the Con- 



