16 /.UL'/S .1(,'.1SS/Z. [CIIAI-. xin. 



with halts at every interesting place, from Gros-Cap at 

 the outlet of Lake Superior to Michipicoten, Pic, and 

 Fort William factories of the Hudson Bay Company. 

 At that time the northern part of Lake Superior was a 

 perfect wilderness, all activity and marks of civilization 

 being confined to Point Keewenaw and its copper mines. 

 During the journey, which lasted from the 3Oth of June 

 until the i5th of August, only a few Indians, called 

 "gens du Lac" by the French Canadians, a branch 

 of the Ojibwa tribe, were met. The expedition when 

 at Fort William ascended the Kaministiquia River 

 as far as Kakabeka Falls, a distance of twenty-five 

 miles. There it separated; one canoe, the largest, con- 

 taining five members of the expedition, myself among 

 them, left the main party, and started on the 25th of 

 July to make the round of the lake, returning to Sault 

 Ste. Marie by the south shore, in order to visit some 

 of the celebrated copper mines. Agassiz, with the rest 

 of the party, returned to the entrance of Lake Superior, 

 where he arrived the i$th of August, returning by the 

 same road. 



The main results of the exploration were, first, an 

 extension of the glacial theory of Agassiz to include 

 all the shores of Lake Superior, almost an inland sea ; 

 second, a thorough knowledge of the fishes of Lake 

 Superior and their comparison with those of the other 

 great Canadian lakes ; third, a comparison of the vege- 

 tation of the northern shores of Lake Superior with 

 that of the Alps and the Jura Mountains; and fourth, 

 large collections of fishes, reptiles, birds, shells, and 

 insects, rocks, minerals, and fossils. 



