1858-64.] TWO CLASSES OF NATURALISTS. 113 



his country house, " Down, Bromley, Kent," are well 

 known. We read in his life, Vol. I., p. 243 : " Those 

 two conditions --permanent ill health and a passionate 

 love of scientific work for its own sake --determined 

 thus early in his career the character of his whole future 

 life." An avowal of Huxley to the son of Darwin may 

 also be added : " Like the rest of us [which means 

 Joseph Hooker, Asa Gray, Charles Lyell, and himself], 

 he [Charles Darwin] had no proper training in biolog- 

 ical science." Bates passed eleven years in the Amazon 

 valley, cut off from all scientific society and absolutely 

 isolated; and when I saw him in London, in 1870, he 

 was living like a hermit. Wallace is another example 

 of a traveller who lived year after year in the natu- 

 ralists' paradise of both the new and old worlds : four 

 years on the Amazons and eight years in the Indio- 

 Malayan archipelago. During their long isolation, 

 naturalist-philosophers are apt to theorize ; more espe- 

 cially if, like Bates and Wallace, they start with the 

 avowed purpose of finding the origin of species. The 

 weak points seem to them only imperfections in the 

 records, which will be filled up by and by, and each 

 believes that he has found the laws of variation and of 

 evolution in the organic world. 



The second class of naturalists, who may be called 

 classifiers and pioneer-naturalists, do not isolate them- 

 selves, and are anything but hermits. They work in 

 laboratories as well as in the field, always well equipped 

 and drilled to observe every organism; and they are 

 disinclined to theorize, until all the facts lead them 

 toward an inevitable conclusion. They are constant 



VOL. II. I 



