CRIMINOLOGY 83 



much attention has been given to the psychiatric aspect 

 of crime. Legal medicine has been developed in France 

 perhaps further than in any other country. 



Criminologists. Two French criminologists deserve 

 special mention. One of them is the sociologist, the late 

 Gabriel TARDE, who was at first a provincial magistrate, 

 later chief of the Bureau of Statistics, and then professor 

 at the College de France in Paris. In all of his crimino- 

 logical writings his principal effort was to analyze the 

 influence of the social factors in the causation of crime. 

 Among his books are "La philosophic penale" (translated 

 into English), "La criminalite comparee," "fitudes 

 penales et sociales," "Les transformations du droit," 

 "Les transformations du pouvoir." 



The other is Alexandre LACASSAGNE, professor of legal 

 medicine at the University of Lyon, and founder and 

 editor of the leading criminological journal in France 

 (and perhaps in the world), the "Archives d'Anthropologie 

 criminelle, de Medecine legale, et de Psychologic nor- 

 male et pathologique." Lacassagne has, in a sense, been 

 the official spokesman of the French school of crim- 

 inology. He is the leader of a group of criminologists 

 who have been very active in research work and in 

 criminological publication. He has written volumin- 

 ously on the statistical and other social aspects of 

 crime, while his medico-legal treatises make him one 

 of the leading authorities in the world on the subject of 

 legal medicine. 



A. CORRE has published several valuable books con- 

 taining both general and specialized studies of the causes 

 of crime: "Crime et suicide," "Les criminels," "L'eth- 

 nographie criminelle" (with P. Aubry), "Documents de 

 criminologie retrospective." E. LAURENT has made 

 special studies on prisons, and has also written about 



