380 HISTORY OF BOTANY. 



At the same time, the New World excited also the curiosity >! 

 botanists. Hans Sloaue collected the plants of Jamaica ; John Bai>K- 

 ter those of Virginia ; William Vernon, also an Englishman, and 

 David Kriege, a Saxon, those of Maryland ; two Frenchmen, Surian 

 and Father Plumier, those of Saint Domingo. 



We may add that public botanical gardens were about this time 

 established all over Europe. We have already noticed the institution 

 of that of Pisa in 1543 ; the second was that of Padua in 1545 ; the 

 next, that of Florence in 1556 ; the fourth, that of Bologna, 1568 ; 

 that of Rome, in the Vatican, dates also from 1568. 



The first transalpine garden of this kind arose at Leyden in 1577 ; 

 that of Leipzig in 1580. Henry the Fourth of France established one 

 at Montpellier in 1597. Several others were instituted in Germany ; 

 but that of Paris did not begin to exist till 1626 ; that of Upsal, after- 

 wards so 'celebrated, took its rise in 1657, that of Amsterdam in 1684. 

 Morison, whom we shall soon have to mention, calls himself, in 1680, 

 the first Director of the Botanical Garden at Oxford. 



[2nd Ed.] [To what is above said of Botanical Gardens and Botani- 

 cal Writers, between the times of Csesalpinus and Morison, I may add 

 a few circumstances. The first academical garden in France was that 

 at Montpellier, which was established by Peter Richier de Beileval, at 

 the end of the sixteenth century. About the same period, rare flowers 

 were cultivated at Paris, and pictures of them made, in order to supply 

 the embroiderers of the court-robes with new patterns. Thus figures 

 of the most beautiful flowers in the garden of Peter Robins were pub- 

 lished by the court-embroiderer Peter Vallet, in 1608, under the title 

 of Le Jardin du Roi Henry IV. But Robins' works were of great 

 service to botany ; and his garden assisted the studies of Renealmus 

 (Paul Reneaulme), whose Specimen Histories Plantar um (Paris, 1611), 

 is highly spoken of by the best botanists. Recently, Mr. Robert Brown 

 has named after him a new genus of Iridcce (RENEALMIA) ; adding, 

 44 Dixi in memoriam PAULI RENEALMI, botanici sui sevi accuratissimi, 

 atque staminum primi scrutatoris ; qui non modo eorum numerum et 

 situm, sed etiarn filamentorum proportionem passim descripsit, et cha- 

 racterem tetradynamicam siliquosarum perspexit." (Prodromus Florae 

 Novce ffollandice, p. 448.) 



The oldest Botanical Garden in England is that at Hampton Court, 

 founded by Queen Elizabeth, and much enriched by Charles II. anc 1 

 William III. (Sprengel, Gesch. d. Bot. vol. ii. p. 96.)] 



In tb-e mean time, although there appeared no new system which 



