THE INCORPORATORS 147 
Expedition, and the first United States and Mexican Boundary 
Survey. He also contributed many papers to the American 
Journal of Science and to the transactions of American and 
foreign scientific societies. 
Besides paleontological investigations, he engaged in the study 
of the crystalline structure of the rocks, and “‘ was the first to 
point out the persistence and the significance of mineralogical 
characters as a guide to their classification.” He also devoted 
attention to questions of dynamic geology, especially in relation 
to the structure of mountain ranges. He died on August 7, 1898, 
at the advanced age of eighty-seven years, at Echo Hill, New 
Hampshire. 
JOSEPH HENRY 
Born, December 17, 1799; died May 13, 1878 
The life of Henry may be properly divided into three periods; 
his early years, the period during which he was a professor in 
the Albany Academy and at Princeton University, and the period 
during which he was Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution. 
Simon Newcomb said of him in 1880: 
“Few have any conception of the breadth of the field occupied by Professor 
Henry’s researches, or of the number of scientific enterprises of which he was 
either the originator or the effective supporter. What, under the circumstances, 
could be said within a brief space to show what the world owes to him has 
already been so well said by others that it would be impracticable to make a really 
new presentation without writing a volume.” 
Henry was born on December 17, 1799, at Albany, New York. 
He was of Scotch descent, and both his maternal and paternal 
grandparents came to New York at the same time in 1775. His 
early years were spent at Albany and at Galway, a village near 
Saratoga. His father was William Henry, his mother Annie 
Alexander, an aunt of Stephen Alexander, also one of the incor- 
porators of the Academy. 
As a boy he was imaginative. His mind ran on romance and 
adventure, and his reading was made up largely of novels, poetry 
and plays. He even organized an amateur dramatic company, 
and took part as an actor or directed the acting of others. When 
