THE INCORPORATORS ee7, 
In 1864 he was elected President of Columbia College 
and remained in that office until 1888 when ill health neces- 
sitated his retirement. During his administration he made many 
changes and improvements in the methods of instruction and the 
management of the University, and was also instrumental in 
adding the Law School, the School of Mines, the School of 
Political Science, and the Library of Economics. Barnard 
College for women, which was named for him, was established 
through his influence. In 1865 Dr. Barnard was president of 
the board of experts in the American Bureau of Mines and in 
1867 served as a commissioner to the Paris Exposition. He pub- 
lished a report on machinery and industrial arts in 1868. 
He was a man of wide learning but among the sciences his 
principal interest was in mathematics. Among his published 
works are a “ Treatise on Arithmetic,” “ Analytic Grammar with 
Symbolic Illustrations,” ‘“ Recent Progress of Science,” the 
“ Metric System of Weights and Measures,” “ Letters on College 
Government,” and “ History of the American Coast Survey.” 
In 1860 Professor Barnard was one of the party of astron- 
omers who observed the eclipse of the sun in Labrador, and in 
1862 he worked on Gilliss’ observations of the stars of the 
Southern Hemisphere. He was President of the American 
Association for the Advancement of Science in 1860, of the Amer- 
ican Institute in 1872, and of the American Metrological Society. 
His death occurred in New York, April 27, 1889. He 
bequeathed his estate to Columbia University with which he 
had been so long connected. 
JOHN GROSS BARNARD 
Born, May 19, 1815; died, May 14, 1882 
John Gross Barnard, born in Sheffield, Massachusetts, May 
19, 1815, was descended on both sides from New England 
ancestors. He obtained his early education in the village school 
and from his uncle, who was a teacher at Hartford, Connecticut. 
When 14 years old, an opportunity was offered him by General 
Porter to enter the U. S. Military Academy at West Point. 
