CHAP. xvin. PREPARATION OF PORTABLE MANURE. 315 



'In order to arrive at the real value of the animal 

 portion of this manure after the removal of the oil, we may 

 suppose, since Dr. Eeid obtained from the shales from 4'5 

 to 7 -6 per cent, of fixed carbon, that with the 56*2 parts 

 of calcined residue, there were originally 3 '7 parts of 

 carbon derived from the shales. This deducted from 2 3 '7 

 parts leaves 20*0 of nitrogenised animal matter in 100 

 parts of the manure, yielding 3*76 parts, or 18 '8 per cent, 

 of ammonia. This matter consists chiefly of muscular 

 and gelatinous tissues, and Payen obtained from the dried 

 muscle of the cod fish 16 '8 per cent, of nitrogen, equal to 

 204 of ammonia. The 3'4 parts of phosphoric acid 

 in the manure will correspond to 7 - 4 of bone phosphate, 

 and if to this we add for moisture, impurities, &c., 2 - 6 

 parts, = 30 -0 in all, we should have for 100 pounds of the 

 fish when freed from oil and dried, the following quantities 

 of ammonia and phosphoric acid : 



Ammonia 12^ pounds at 14 cents . . . $1'75 

 Phosphoric acid 11^ pounds at 4i cents . . 0-51 



$2-26 



'The matter thus prepared would have a value of 

 $45 '20 the ton, agreeing closely with that which we 

 have calculated for the manure manufactured from 

 sardines in France, in which the quantity of ammonia is 

 somewhat greater, and the phosphoric acid less, giving it 

 a value of $47 the ton. 



' Professor George H. Cook of New Jersey in an analysis 

 of the manhadden, obtained from 100 parts of the dried 

 fish 16 '7 parts of oil, besides 61-6 of azotised matters yield- 

 ing 9'2S parts of ammonia, and 21 '7 of inorganic matters, 



