538 APPENDIX. 



"Wishing to assemble a fleet to fight the Northmen, Charlemagne had 

 ships built on all the rivers of Gaul and Germany which flow into the 

 Northern ocean ; and, as the Northmen devastated in their continual voyages 

 the coasts of both these countries, he erected solid structures at the entrances 

 of all the harbours and navigable mouths of rivers which could receive vessels, 

 and thus blocked the route of the enemy." 



810. "The emperor, then at Aix-la-Chapelle, planned an expedition 

 against King Godfrey. He suddenly received tidings that a fleet of two 

 hundred ships, coming from the country of the Northmen, had landed in 

 Frisia, and ravaged all the islands adjacent to this shore ; that this army had 

 gone inland, and that three battles had taken place between it and the 

 Frisians; that the Danish conquerors had imposed a tribute on the conquered ; 

 that, under the name of a tax, a hundred pounds of silver had been paid by 

 the Frisians ; and that King Godfrey was on his return home. These reports 

 proving true, the emperor was so vexed that he sent messengers in every 

 direction to collect an army, left his palace at once, and joined his fleet. He 

 passed the Rhine at Lippenheim, and resolved to await there the troops which 

 had not yet arrived. His army assembled, the Emperor went as quickly as 

 possible to the river Aller, pitched his tents near the confluence of this river 

 with the Weser and awaited the result of the threats of Godfrey ; for this 

 king, puffed up with the vain hope of victory, boasted that he would try his 

 strength with the army of the emperor. 



" After he had remained here some time he heard, among other things, that 

 the fleet which had devastated Frisia, had returned to Denmark ; that King 

 Godfrey had been slain by one of his servants ; that a fort near the Elbe, 

 named Hobbuck (supposed to be Hamburg), in which were Odo, the 

 emperor's envoy, and a garrison of eastern Saxons, had been taken by the 

 Wiltzes. . . . Hemming, son of the brother of Godfrey, king of the Danes, 

 succeeded him, and made peace with the emperor." 



From the following we find that the Norwegians and Danes are 

 confounded with each other, as were at times all the tribes of the 

 North. Danish princes are said to live on the shores opposite 

 Britain (Norway). 



813. "The emperor sent noble Franks and Saxons into the country of the 

 Northmen, beyond the Elbe, to make peace with the Danes, according to the 

 wish of their kings, and to give back their brother. The Danish nobles came 

 to the place appointed, in number equal to that of the Franks (they were 

 sixteen on each side) ; peace was confirmed by oaths, and the Franks gave up 

 to the Danes the brother of their kings. These princes were not then in their 

 own country, but had gone to Westerfulde with an army. This country, the 

 most distant of their kingdom, is situated to the north-west, and looks to the 

 north of Britain." 



Charlemagne died in 814 and was succeeded by his son Louis le 

 Debonnaire. During the early years of his reign, he appears to 

 have kept on friendly terms with the Northmen, who were suffering 



