KOLDEWEY'S EXPEDITION 267 



in the details of much of Scoresby's work, and found 

 Eskimos further north, as Clavering had done in 1823, 

 when in the Griper during Sabine's observations at 

 Pendulum Island. 



It was to Pendulum Island, in 74 32', that Karl 

 Koldewey, after his preliminary run to 81 5' in 1868, 

 took the Germania to winter during the German ex- 

 pedition of 1869. The two vessels, the Germania, a 

 small two-masted screw steamer of one hundred and 

 forty-three tons, built specially for Arctic service, 

 and the Hansa, only half her size, which had been 

 strengthened for the voyage, reached Jan Mayen on 

 the 9th of July, and, hidden from each other by fog, 

 sailed northwards for five days. On the fifth evening 

 the wind rose, the fog cleared, and a hundred yards in 

 front of them lay the ice like a rugged line of cliffs. 



For a few days they sailed along it endeavouring to 

 find an opening to the north. Then, on the 20th, the 

 Germania ran up a signal to approach and communi- 

 cate, which was misunderstood, and, instead of repeat- 

 ing it and making sure, the Hansa put up her helm, 

 fell off, crowded on all sail, and disappeared in the fog. 

 Koldewey, persisting in his efforts to get through the 

 pack, found an opening on the 1st of August. Nine 

 days afterwards he was again blocked, and finally, on 

 the 27th, he reached Pendulum Island, where he made 

 the Germania snug for the winter, which proved to be 

 remarkably mild. 



The first sledge party travelling up one of the fiords 

 met with abundant vegetation and herds of reindeer 

 and musk oxen, and were visited by bears who had not 

 learnt to be wary of man ; and when the bears came 



