FRANKLIN'S SECOND LAND JOURNEY 157 

 Captain Lyon in the same capacity and by Thomas 

 Drummond as assistant naturalist, he left Liverpool on 

 the 26th of February, 1825. 



Taught by experience, the expedition was better 

 managed in every way. Instead of driving ahead 

 regardless of the season or the trade routine, the 

 ordinary conditions of local travel were kept in view 

 throughout, and the results were more in proportion 

 to the effort. Three boats were specially built at 

 Woolwich on Franklin's design and under Buchan's 

 superintendence. They were of mahogany with timbers 

 of ash, both ends alike, steerable by oar or rudder, the 

 largest 26 ft. by 5 ft. 4 ins., the two others 24 ft. by 

 4 ft. 10 ins., and with them Colonel Pasley's portable 

 boat, known as the Walnut Shell from its shape, 9 ft. 

 long and half as wide, with frames of ash fastened with 

 thongs and covered with canvas. The canvas was 

 "waterproofed by Mr. Macintosh, of Glasgow" -the 

 first instance of its use and for the first time also what 

 we know as macintosh coats and overalls were issued 

 as part of the outfit, the process having been patented 

 in 1824. 



The boats and stores were sent on ahead by way of 

 York Factory in 1824, and Franklin and his party, 

 travelling by New York and the lakes, caught them up 

 on the Methye River at sunrise on the 29th of June. 

 With them were several old friends, not the least 

 delighted being the two Eskimo interpreters, Augustus 

 and Ooligbuck, who were to be of the utmost import- 

 ance throughout. On the 8th of August they had got 

 along so well that they were at the junction of the Bear 

 Lake River with the Mackenzie. Here Back and Peter 



