126 ANIMAL EXPERIMENTATION 



cerncd, was of the same kind as that now given at the 

 Harvard Medical School, the Institute of Technology, 

 and the Boston University School of Medicine. While at 

 the Johns Hopkins University, moreover, I worked in the 

 laboratory of physiological research and know what was 

 being done by the advanced students and instructors 

 being present in fact when the greater number of their 

 experiments were performed. 



As I have said, I came from Johns Hopkins to the In- 

 stitute of Technology, where I have since been in charge 

 of the physiological work. I believe I have been present 

 at every experiment upon a living animal made in that 

 institution since 1893. I have also attended most of the 

 meetings of the American Physiological Society during 

 that time, and have witnessed most of the demonstrations 

 of the results of research work given at those meetings. 



It will be seen, therefore, that my experience with physi- 

 ological experimentation is somewhat more extended than 

 that of any of the petitioners for the proposed legislation, 

 and I have thought that it would be a contribution to the 

 facts of the case to tell the committee how much painful 

 experimentation I have seen during this period of eleven 

 years. 



The answer is brief enough, and no one need fear to 

 listen to its details. The pain inflicted has been very 

 slight indeed. I cannot recall to-day a single case of an 

 operation upon an animal which had not been rendered 

 insensible (cither by the destruction of its brain, or by the 

 use of anesthetics), with the following exceptions. At 

 one time I made a series of ten or twelve experiments to 

 test the supposed poisonous action of a drug which had 

 been extracted from the bark of locust trees, and which it 

 was thought might account for certain cases of poisoning 

 among cattle which were pastured in a field where they had 

 apparently eaten some of this bark from the young trees. 



