22(5 TIJYSIOLOGY OF MUSCLES AND NERVES. 



CHAPTER XIV. 



1. General summary; 2. Fundamental explanatory principles; 3. 

 Comparison of muscle-prism and magnet ; 4. Explanation of I he 

 tension in muscle-prisms and muscle-rhomM ; 5. Explanation 

 of negative variation and parelectronomy ; f>. Application to 

 nerves; 7. Application to electric organs and glands. 



1 . Summing up the most important facts given in 

 the foregoing chapters, we may make the following 

 statements : 



(1) EI-> J I'I/ muscle, and ever// jmrt of a muscle, win n 

 quiescent, is positive on its lungitudiruil section ; 

 n <<</<i five on its cross-section. In a regular muscle- 

 prism, the positive tension decreases regularly 



the centre of the loiuj'ttndinal section toward the 

 and the )t<'</<iti>-e tension does the same in ///' cross- 

 sections. In a muscle-rhombus the <//'*Y/-/7,, <//,>/. of 

 the tension is someivhat different, for in it the 

 greatest positive tension is removed toward the obtn*<: 

 <nifjle of the lon</i(n<linal section, the greatest nei/nt'fi'. 

 ti'itxion toward the acute angle of the cross-section. 



(2) During the activity of the muscle the difh ,-, ,,,-. g 

 in tension decrease. 



(3) Entire muscles often exhibit l>ut x!/ : /ht </iii'i ,- 

 ences in tension, or even none at all; but ive must 

 nevertheless assume th<' *'.i-ixl< nee of electric ojijmxitioit 



in tli- ''ill. 



(4) Nerves arepoaitice on the longitudinal section, 



