THK (iVI'sv MOTH --APPENDIX. 83 



had a very pungent odor, and produced a stinging sensation 

 on the skin. Sonic that struck in the corner of my e\e \\a> 

 \ery painful until the eye was washed with water. The 

 iluid is probably expelled from anal glands, as in the case 

 of the allied genii*, />/v/r//y////x. I ndoubtedly tlie in>ecti\- 

 orous birds are the chief agency in checking the increase of 

 thc-e in>cct-, although the terrestrial habits of the beetle- 

 render them an ea-y prey to the ever-watchful toad, while 

 in woodlands many are probably destroyed by skunks. I 

 have been unable to observe any of our common birds feed- 

 ing upon the-e beetles, yet it seenis probable that they mav 

 be devoured by the majority of those insectivorous species 

 known to seek a part of their food upon the ground. In 

 this class ( i entry * gives the following as feeding upon the 

 Carabidiv: the crow, blue jay, king bird, black-billed 

 cuckoo, yellow-billed cuckoo, hairy woodpecker, downy 

 woodpecker. Forbes records the robin, f cat bird and sev- 

 eral thrushes as attacking Carabidte, while Beal J states that 

 thirteen per cent of the food of the purple grackle consists 

 of carabids. The same author notes the occurrence of 

 Oalosoma <-<iU<lnm in the stomach of a red-headed wood- 

 pecker, while Schwarz || found that this species is commonly 

 devoured by the crow. 



One would hardly expect that so ferocious and strongly 

 chilini/ed an insect as Q '. calidum would sutler from the at- 

 tacks of parasites, yet that such is sometimes the case is 

 evident from the fact that on June ii, 1896, I took a speci- 

 men of this species which bore on the side of the prothorax 

 a cluster of nine Dipterous eggs. After keeping the beetle 

 a few days in confinement he became sluggish and finally 

 died June 12. On the 2*th seven Hies had emerged, and 

 on opening the beetle the empty pnparia were found within. 

 'I he flies were sentto Prof. L. O. Howard, Washington, !>.('., 

 and were referred to Mr. I). W. ( loquilletl , who kindly iden- 

 lilied them as I^inlnlrn'tni-i-rii. rt//i>xt>,//(e Coq., a species 



that he has bred in California from Calosoma jperegrinator. 



* "Bird- I'emisylvaiiiu," 1*77- 



t Bulletin :\, Illinois State Laboratory of National IliMorv. ISMI. 

 I Year I lited States D.M.arlnirnt of A-ricnlimv, 1MM, PULV '-'in. 



{ Bulletin No. 7, Unit' 1 '! Star.-- Dcpurtiiicnt of Ai-'riculturc, Division of Ornithol- 

 ogy and MaiiiinaloL'y. ]ia_'r - J1. l v . 

 || " The Common Cro\v," page 59. 



