HISTOR Y OF THE INVOL UNTA R Y NER VO US S YSTEM 1 1 



its own central nervous system, the cerebro-spinal regulating the 

 animalic, and the sympathetic ganglia the organic systems re- 

 spectively. So fascinating was this conception and so enthusi- 

 astically was it received, that closer comparisons between the 



, ~XA. 



C B A 



FIG. 3. THE REFLEX PATHS IN THE BULBAR REGION. 



A. Of the somatic system. 



The afferent neurons run in the fifth nerve, V., their cells lying in the gasserian 

 ganglion, G.G. These connect with the connector neurons lying close against the 

 descending root of the fifth nerve, D.S.V. The connector neurons in their turn 

 connect with the excitor cells which lie in the nucleus of the twelfth nerve, N.XII. 



B. Of the splanchnic system. 



The receptor neurons run in the tenth nerve, X., with their cells lying in the 

 ganglion of this nerve, V.G., and connect with connector neurons which lie in the 

 dorsal nucleus of the vagus, D.N.X. Processes of the connector cells connect with 

 the excitor neurons which lie in the nucleus ambiguus, N.A., their processes form 

 the motor part of the tenth nerve. 



C. Of the involuntary system. 



The receptor neurons run in the tenth nerve, X., with their cells in the ganglion 

 of this nerve, V.G., and connect with connector neurons which lie in the nucleus 

 intercalatus of Staderini, N.I., which forms a part of the dorsal nucleus of the 

 vagus, D.N.X. The processes of these connector neurons run out in the vagus 

 nerve, X., and finally connect with the excitor neuron which lies on some peripheral 

 organ, e.g. in the case of the intestine lying in Auerbach's plexus, A. P. 



two systems were made by subsequent writers ; thus the main 

 sympathetic chain was compared to the spinal cord and the 

 ganglion coeliacum (solar ganglion) was looked upon as the head 

 centre or brain of the organic system, by its position emphasizing 

 as strongly as possible the conception that the sympathetic system 



