THE ANIMALS STUDIED AXD THE TECHOTC 



of any person becomes the source of anxiety, 

 if the man who stands by his side to render 

 aid has seen the living heart in action, he is 

 more competent to act wisely than he would be 

 had he never witnessed this phenomenon. 



Animals which are experimented upon for Experiments 

 the purpose of studying diseases and poisons painless, 

 are inoculated either through the food or by 

 giving a hypodermic injection with the ma- 

 terial to be studied. The most commonly prac- 

 tised operative experiments are performed 

 with the hypodermic needle, entail no pain, and 

 require no anesthetic. The presence of pain 

 in an animal makes cutting operations difficult, 

 and anesthetics are always employed except in 

 the rare instances in which the unconsciousness 

 of the animal would defeat the objects of the 

 study. In 1907 in England 73,000 experi- 

 ments upon animals were made. Ninety-six 

 and five-tenths per cent, of these were inocula- 

 tions. In the remaining three and five-tenths 

 per cent, anesthetics were used. Speaking be- 

 fore the Royal Society, Professor Starling 

 said: "Though I have been engaged in the ex- 

 perimental pursuit of physiology for the last 

 seventeen years, on no occasion have I ever 

 seen pain inflicted in any experiment on a rab- 



13 



