VIII 



ANIMAL EXPERIMENTATION AND SURGERY 



During the past twenty-five years the ad- Surgery 

 vance of surgery has been greater, perhaps, of animals 

 than that of any other branch of science. If same as 

 we look through all the catalog of surgical ills that of man. 

 there is not a single one but has been mitigated 

 by experiments upon living animals. To dis- 

 cuss this subject fully would mean to discuss 

 the whole field of surgery. The lower animals 

 are subject practically to all of the surgical ills. 

 The healing of their tissues is according to the 

 same vital processes as are observed in man. 

 It would be strange- -indeed, unnatural if 

 serious operations, which were to be attempted 

 for the first time, should not be practised upon 

 animals instead of upon men. Without ani- 

 mal experimentation all new surgical opera- 

 tions amount to vivisection upon man. 



In the surgery of the nervous system, the ex- Nervous 

 periments in brain localization have made it system, 

 possible to know the seat of brain diseases be- 



