134 ALICE M. BORING. 



afforded me by the abundance of Philcenus spumarius on the 

 goldenrod and wild sunflower. The results of the study of these 

 last two species are given in this paper. 



MATERIAL AND METHODS. 



The Philcenus material used in this study was found on the 

 goldenrod and wild sunflower in the Fay w r oods at Woods Hole 

 early in September. The adults were emerging rapidly from 

 the nymph stage and the variation in marking was so striking 

 that it seemed possible that the insects might belong to more than 

 one species. However, specimens showing this variation were 

 sent to Mr. E. P. Van Duzee, and he identified them all as 

 Philcenus spumarius. The same variations occurred among the 

 insects on both goldenrod and wild sunflower. Nymphs from the 

 two plants were kept separate in the laboratory until the adults 

 appeared. 



The Aphrophora spumaria material was collected from the 

 grasses of a low meadow near Eisenach in September. All were 

 adults at that time. This species exhibited as great somatic 

 variations as Philcenus spumarius, both in wing markings and 

 the color of the abdomen. 



f 



The Philcenus material used w r as partly from adults and partly 

 from nymphs. The position and shape of the testes was exactly 

 like that described for the material of the other species of Cer- 

 copidae. In the just-emerged adults the testes show all stages of 

 spermatogenesis, including fully formed spermatozoa, but in the 

 females the ovaries are only slightly developed and difficult to 

 find. There are only oogonia and very young growth stages of 

 the primary oocytes present. Evidently the eggs are not laid 

 until the next spring. 



For preserved material, the few posterior segments of the 

 abdomen containing the testes were cut out and fixed in Gilson 

 or in Flemming. But the most of the study of Philcenus was 

 made from acetocarmine preparations, and all the figures are 

 drawn from such. This greatly expedited the study of the 

 chromosomes in different individuals in connection with somatic 

 variation. Aphrophora spumaria was studied entirely from 

 preserved material. 



